{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393074836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","title":"Measuring Bias in\u00a0Search Results Through Retrieval List Comparison","display_name":"Measuring Bias in\u00a0Search Results Through Retrieval List Comparison","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393074836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063408172","display_name":"Linda Ratz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4559-1866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linda Ratz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091259315","display_name":"Markus Schedl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-3406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098265","display_name":"Private P\u00e4dagogische Hochschule der Di\u00f6zese Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/00wb8n271","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146193","display_name":"Linz Center of Mechatronics (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/05dwv6530","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146193"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Schedl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","Linz Institute of Technology, AI Lab, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linz Institute of Technology, AI Lab, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098265","https://openalex.org/I4210146193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088374460","display_name":"Simone Kopeinik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-7286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088621","display_name":"Know Center Research GmbH (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/004zhad81","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088621"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Kopeinik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Know-Center GmbH, Graz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Know-Center GmbH, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088621"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017877491","display_name":"Navid Rekabsaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-8738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Rekabsaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063408172"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"20","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9417999982833862,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9327999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8438717126846313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.641435980796814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8438717126846313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.641435980796814}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56069-9_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149252982","https://openalex.org/W2279316390","https://openalex.org/W2558203065","https://openalex.org/W2591615201","https://openalex.org/W2791170418","https://openalex.org/W2970641574","https://openalex.org/W3035680038","https://openalex.org/W3081529310","https://openalex.org/W3102961637","https://openalex.org/W3123404882","https://openalex.org/W3140222185","https://openalex.org/W3152733223","https://openalex.org/W3157975787","https://openalex.org/W3180230246","https://openalex.org/W3182104952","https://openalex.org/W4226054115","https://openalex.org/W4241027858","https://openalex.org/W4281262266","https://openalex.org/W4283162604","https://openalex.org/W4283803090","https://openalex.org/W4284672647","https://openalex.org/W4285059900","https://openalex.org/W4285090338","https://openalex.org/W4327909986","https://openalex.org/W4366547335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"IR":[1,160],"systems":[2],"project":[3],"harmful":[4],"societal":[5],"biases,":[6],"including":[7],"gender":[8],"bias,":[9],"in":[10,39,43,84,115,121],"their":[11,89],"retrieved":[12,45,119],"contents.":[13],"Uncovering":[14],"and":[15,103,148,158,175],"addressing":[16],"such":[17],"biases":[18],"requires":[19],"grounded":[20],"bias":[21,27,58,73,100,111],"measurement":[22,102],"principles.":[23],"However,":[24],"defining":[25],"reliable":[26],"metrics":[28,68,168],"for":[29,55,69,96,129,202],"search":[30,56,71,86,98],"results":[31],"is":[32],"challenging,":[33],"particularly":[34],"due":[35],"to":[36,123,172],"the":[37,44,66,79,85,113,116,133,151,173,178,188,200],"difficulties":[38],"capturing":[40],"gender-related":[41],"tendencies":[42],"documents.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48,61,183],"work,":[49],"we":[50,63,91],"propose":[51,93],"a":[52,94,124,142,191],"new":[53],"framework":[54],"result":[57,72,99],"measurement.":[59],"Within":[60],"framework,":[62],"first":[64],"revisit":[65],"current":[67],"representative":[70],"(RepSRB)":[74],"that":[75],"are":[76,169],"based":[77],"on":[78,141,187],"occurrence":[80],"of":[81,118,132,145,190],"gender-specific":[82],"language":[83],"results.":[87],"Addressing":[88],"limitations,":[90],"additionally":[92],"metric":[95,181],"comparative":[97],"(ComSRB)":[101],"integrate":[104],"it":[105],"into":[106],"our":[107],"framework.":[108],"ComSRB":[109,138,180],"defines":[110],"as":[112],"skew":[114],"set":[117],"documents":[120,149],"response":[122],"non-gendered":[125],"query":[126],"toward":[127],"those":[128],"male/female-specific":[130],"variations":[131],"same":[134],"query.":[135],"We":[136],"evaluate":[137],"against":[139],"RepSRB":[140],"recent":[143],"collection":[144],"bias-sensitive":[146],"topics":[147],"from":[150,194],"MS":[152],"MARCO":[153],"collection,":[154],"using":[155],"pre-trained":[156],"bi-encoder":[157],"cross-encoder":[159],"models.":[161],"Our":[162],"analyses":[163],"show":[164],"that,":[165],"while":[166],"existing":[167],"highly":[170],"sensitive":[171],"wordings":[174],"linguistic":[176],"formulations,":[177],"proposed":[179],"mitigates":[182],"issue":[184],"by":[185],"focusing":[186],"deviations":[189],"retrieval":[192],"list":[193],"its":[195],"explicitly":[196],"biased":[197],"variants,":[198],"avoiding":[199],"need":[201],"sub-optimal":[203],"content":[204],"analysis":[205],"processes.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
