{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387527902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45389-2_24","title":"A Framework for\u00a0Characterizing What Makes an\u00a0Instance Hard to\u00a0Classify","display_name":"A Framework for\u00a0Characterizing What Makes an\u00a0Instance Hard to\u00a0Classify","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387527902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45389-2_24"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-45389-2_24","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45389-2_24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067570192","display_name":"Maria Gabriela Valeriano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3631-156X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107428990","display_name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica","ror":"https://ror.org/05vh67662","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107428990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88273585","display_name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/02k5swt12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Gabriela Valeriano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica, Pra\u00e7a Marechal Eduardo Gomes, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Brazil","Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Rua Botucatu, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3631-156X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica, Pra\u00e7a Marechal Eduardo Gomes, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107428990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Rua Botucatu, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058573671","display_name":"Pedro Yuri Arbs Paiva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-7563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107428990","display_name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica","ror":"https://ror.org/05vh67662","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107428990"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Yuri Arbs Paiva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica, Pra\u00e7a Marechal Eduardo Gomes, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-7563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica, Pra\u00e7a Marechal Eduardo Gomes, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107428990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050014117","display_name":"Carlos Roberto Veiga Kiffer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1122-0693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88273585","display_name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/02k5swt12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Roberto Veiga Kiffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Rua Botucatu, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1122-0693","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Rua Botucatu, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036696970","display_name":"Ana Carolina Lorena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-571X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107428990","display_name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica","ror":"https://ror.org/05vh67662","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107428990"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Carolina Lorena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica, Pra\u00e7a Marechal Eduardo Gomes, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-571X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Aeron\u00e1utica, Pra\u00e7a Marechal Eduardo Gomes, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107428990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067570192"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107428990","https://openalex.org/I88273585"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4356,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60087895,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"353","last_page":"367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8447732925415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6224601864814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.608799397945404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5945791006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5849441885948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5744481682777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5550534725189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4781695008277893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.4659285247325897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41742151975631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06620115041732788}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8447732925415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6224601864814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.608799397945404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5945791006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5849441885948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5744481682777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5550534725189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4781695008277893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4659285247325897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41742151975631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06620115041732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-45389-2_24","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45389-2_24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976383685","https://openalex.org/W2005465418","https://openalex.org/W2022477494","https://openalex.org/W2118023920","https://openalex.org/W2160331326","https://openalex.org/W2775947831","https://openalex.org/W2973136425","https://openalex.org/W2995523160","https://openalex.org/W3014524604","https://openalex.org/W3014846667","https://openalex.org/W3082404514","https://openalex.org/W3096328115","https://openalex.org/W3126570147","https://openalex.org/W3177494680","https://openalex.org/W4200445923","https://openalex.org/W4205816391","https://openalex.org/W4283318985","https://openalex.org/W4286307888","https://openalex.org/W4312440580","https://openalex.org/W4381611976","https://openalex.org/W6835401966"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W2037549926","https://openalex.org/W2345479200","https://openalex.org/W2183306018","https://openalex.org/W2849310602","https://openalex.org/W3006008237","https://openalex.org/W2419146053","https://openalex.org/W4388890789","https://openalex.org/W2088247287","https://openalex.org/W2963903416"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}