{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381956293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_72","title":"Towards Enriched Controllability for\u00a0Educational Question Generation","display_name":"Towards Enriched Controllability for\u00a0Educational Question Generation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381956293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_72"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_72","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_72","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.14917","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084411251","display_name":"Bernardo Leite","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-9501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernardo Leite","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-9501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035645484","display_name":"Henrique Lopes Cardoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-7515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrique Lopes Cardoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-7515","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084411251"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6012,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90611712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"786","last_page":"791"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.8803926706314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8189399838447571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.7452515363693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5739981532096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5197705626487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-generation","display_name":"Text generation","score":0.4429383873939514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4272156357765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.426052451133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3847789466381073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2435227632522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.21722206473350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08033499121665955}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.8803926706314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8189399838447571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.7452515363693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5739981532096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5197705626487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985684807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513879","display_name":"Text generation","level":2,"score":0.4429383873939514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4272156357765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.426052451133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3847789466381073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2435227632522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.21722206473350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08033499121665955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_72","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_72","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2306.14917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.14917","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.14917","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio-aberto.up.pt:10216/166438","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10216/166438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401934","display_name":"Open Repository of the University of Porto (University of Porto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","host_organization_name":"Universidade do Porto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Artigo em Livro de Atas de Confer\u00eancia Internacional"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio-aberto.up.pt:10216/166465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10216/166465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401934","display_name":"Open Repository of the University of Porto (University of Porto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","host_organization_name":"Universidade do Porto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Artigo em Revista Cient\u00edfica Internacional"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2306.14917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.14917","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.14917","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323642","display_name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/045b9pr88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381956293.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984167909","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2989613245","https://openalex.org/W3035252911","https://openalex.org/W4221146870","https://openalex.org/W4221148741","https://openalex.org/W4225387478","https://openalex.org/W4285155190"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036697162","https://openalex.org/W2332386680","https://openalex.org/W2248621902","https://openalex.org/W2003779889","https://openalex.org/W2561315646","https://openalex.org/W4205698120","https://openalex.org/W4239246781","https://openalex.org/W2542825942","https://openalex.org/W3201620972","https://openalex.org/W1496421768"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-01-24T23:23:39.755997","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
