{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381956373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_27","title":"Scalable Educational Question Generation with\u00a0Pre-trained Language Models","display_name":"Scalable Educational Question Generation with\u00a0Pre-trained Language Models","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381956373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_27"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_27","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069959546","display_name":"Sahan Bulathwela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sahan Bulathwela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Artificial Intelligence, University College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004574759","display_name":"Hamze Muse","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamze Muse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Artificial Intelligence, University College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076265623","display_name":"Emine Y\u0131lmaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3434-8932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emine Yilmaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Artificial Intelligence, University College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069959546"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.4607,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99646717,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"327","last_page":"339"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.854713499546051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7410918474197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6574316620826721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5127333402633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5051899552345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.46475544571876526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4519587755203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.42177045345306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.381173700094223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.35919952392578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.14896708726882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07384693622589111}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.854713499546051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7410918474197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6574316620826721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5127333402633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5051899552345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.46475544571876526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4519587755203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.42177045345306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.381173700094223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.35919952392578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.14896708726882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07384693622589111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_27","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7929798828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P024289/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2962717047","https://openalex.org/W2963123047","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2964285114","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2997332397","https://openalex.org/W3011988265","https://openalex.org/W3015453090","https://openalex.org/W3045683574","https://openalex.org/W3201295503","https://openalex.org/W3211339323","https://openalex.org/W4226032012","https://openalex.org/W4288059389","https://openalex.org/W4288059420","https://openalex.org/W4296743089","https://openalex.org/W4382318191","https://openalex.org/W6778883912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389214306","https://openalex.org/W2965083567","https://openalex.org/W4235240664","https://openalex.org/W1838576100","https://openalex.org/W2757182831","https://openalex.org/W2095886385","https://openalex.org/W2089704382","https://openalex.org/W1983399550","https://openalex.org/W97075385","https://openalex.org/W2357523926"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-10T08:33:47.465468","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
