{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379535203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2","title":"State-of-the-Art in Language Technology and Language-centric Artificial Intelligence","display_name":"State-of-the-Art in Language Technology and Language-centric Artificial Intelligence","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379535203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169997","display_name":"Cognitive technologies","issn_l":"1611-2482","issn":["1611-2482","2197-6635"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Technologies","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087067510","display_name":"Rodrigo Agerri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7303-7598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rodrigo Agerri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047151336","display_name":"Eneko Agirre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0195-4899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eneko Agirre","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053854022","display_name":"Itziar Aldabe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2017-2910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itziar Aldabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017683091","display_name":"Nora Aranberri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3719-9167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nora Aranberri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035595297","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Arriola Egurrola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2624-7143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Maria Arriola","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005074637","display_name":"Aitziber Atutxa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4512-8633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aitziber Atutxa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007160780","display_name":"Gorka Azkune","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2506-7426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gorka Azkune","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029553067","display_name":"Jon Ander Campos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Ander Campos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064615378","display_name":"Arantza Casillas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4248-8182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arantza Casillas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050063782","display_name":"Ainara Estarrona","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ainara Estarrona","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084029664","display_name":"Aritz Farwell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aritz Farwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066077901","display_name":"Iakes Goenaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0946-5782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iakes Goenaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019511657","display_name":"Josu Goikoetxea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5568-4014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josu Goikoetxea","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030328561","display_name":"Koldo Gojenola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2116-6611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koldo Gojenola","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049169182","display_name":"Inma Hern\u00e1ez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4447-7575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inma Hern\u00e1ez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027512130","display_name":"Mikel Iruskieta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6121-3902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikel Iruskieta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037338094","display_name":"Gorka Labaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4611-2502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gorka Labaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061807922","display_name":"Oier L\u00f3pez de Lacalle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4969-2055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oier Lopez de Lacalle","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085186316","display_name":"Eva Navas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-4984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva Navas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017928422","display_name":"Maite Oronoz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9097-6047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maite Oronoz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061764279","display_name":"Arantxa Otegi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-2296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arantxa Otegi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076598260","display_name":"Alicia P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-9598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alicia P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014477542","display_name":"Olatz Perez de Vi\u00f1aspre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olatz Perez de Vi\u00f1aspre","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073264941","display_name":"Germ\u00e1n Rigau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1119-0930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"German Rigau","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057219485","display_name":"Ander Salaberria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4277-3939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ander Salaberria","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015682416","display_name":"Jon S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7236-4474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022483971","display_name":"Ibon Saratxaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-2765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibon Saratxaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053230169","display_name":"Aitor Soroa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8573-2654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aitor Soroa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":28,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087067510"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0217,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87424319,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"13","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.6747000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.6747000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.6660000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5974223017692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5870338678359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5154920220375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4430259168148041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41594403982162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11290121078491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.09216919541358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.05937206745147705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5974223017692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5870338678359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5154920220375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4430259168148041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41594403982162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11290121078491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09216919541358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.05937206745147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169997","display_name":"Cognitive technologies","issn_l":"1611-2482","issn":["1611-2482","2197-6635"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Technologies","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169997","display_name":"Cognitive technologies","issn_l":"1611-2482","issn":["1611-2482","2197-6635"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Technologies","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379535203.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":138,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187290754","https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W1533917153","https://openalex.org/W1538131130","https://openalex.org/W1895577753","https://openalex.org/W1933349210","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1985610876","https://openalex.org/W2001771035","https://openalex.org/W2072628044","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2123301721","https://openalex.org/W2125447031","https://openalex.org/W2129069237","https://openalex.org/W2134973740","https://openalex.org/W2142416747","https://openalex.org/W2153653739","https://openalex.org/W2155069789","https://openalex.org/W2251512949","https://openalex.org/W2294797155","https://openalex.org/W2317879529","https://openalex.org/W2513263213","https://openalex.org/W2519091744","https://openalex.org/W2525778437","https://openalex.org/W2561715562","https://openalex.org/W2562564313","https://openalex.org/W2604799547","https://openalex.org/W2726515241","https://openalex.org/W2745461083","https://openalex.org/W2752630748","https://openalex.org/W2757511491","https://openalex.org/W2760656271","https://openalex.org/W2788322837","https://openalex.org/W2890431379","https://openalex.org/W2899335602","https://openalex.org/W2903343986","https://openalex.org/W2912371042","https://openalex.org/W2919290281","https://openalex.org/W2921280978","https://openalex.org/W2928107702","https://openalex.org/W2952437275","https://openalex.org/W2953039212","https://openalex.org/W2963088995","https://openalex.org/W2963323070","https://openalex.org/W2963331233","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963453030","https://openalex.org/W2963477107","https://openalex.org/W2963530300","https://openalex.org/W2963691697","https://openalex.org/W2963809228","https://openalex.org/W2963825865","https://openalex.org/W2963971656","https://openalex.org/W2964303913","https://openalex.org/W2964345792","https://openalex.org/W2970830889","https://openalex.org/W2973088264","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2994928925","https://openalex.org/W3006381853","https://openalex.org/W3011574394","https://openalex.org/W3017311573","https://openalex.org/W3017454464","https://openalex.org/W3021016503","https://openalex.org/W3022870761","https://openalex.org/W3025165719","https://openalex.org/W3034723486","https://openalex.org/W3034955736","https://openalex.org/W3034999214","https://openalex.org/W3035032094","https://openalex.org/W3036167779","https://openalex.org/W3047546114","https://openalex.org/W3093871477","https://openalex.org/W3095498208","https://openalex.org/W3095809712","https://openalex.org/W3096918678","https://openalex.org/W3097647528","https://openalex.org/W3097777922","https://openalex.org/W3099700870","https://openalex.org/W3111425437","https://openalex.org/W3115037692","https://openalex.org/W3120929527","https://openalex.org/W3123155118","https://openalex.org/W3123963976","https://openalex.org/W3137214022","https://openalex.org/W3155584966","https://openalex.org/W3156159991","https://openalex.org/W3156205427","https://openalex.org/W3169483174","https://openalex.org/W3170759063","https://openalex.org/W3172642864","https://openalex.org/W3173273620","https://openalex.org/W3175301726","https://openalex.org/W3180299705","https://openalex.org/W3186655327","https://openalex.org/W3187134297","https://openalex.org/W3195577433","https://openalex.org/W3204096139","https://openalex.org/W3206114047","https://openalex.org/W3207095490","https://openalex.org/W3213241618","https://openalex.org/W4205130185","https://openalex.org/W4206706211","https://openalex.org/W4223451762","https://openalex.org/W4224035735","https://openalex.org/W4226091929","https://openalex.org/W4226182655","https://openalex.org/W4226317937","https://openalex.org/W4252076394","https://openalex.org/W4281633595","https://openalex.org/W4285121328","https://openalex.org/W4285865040","https://openalex.org/W4286987939","https://openalex.org/W4287185415","https://openalex.org/W4287795696","https://openalex.org/W4287887521","https://openalex.org/W4288089799","https://openalex.org/W4297747548","https://openalex.org/W4307504011","https://openalex.org/W4311000453","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4318570614","https://openalex.org/W4319915529","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W4381802186","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6668750346","https://openalex.org/W6682383452","https://openalex.org/W6718553084","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6749669830","https://openalex.org/W6752077856","https://openalex.org/W6779823529","https://openalex.org/W6799255139","https://openalex.org/W6800875267","https://openalex.org/W6822696232","https://openalex.org/W6845850023"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W2357879326"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"chapter":[2,43],"landscapes":[3],"the":[4,25,35,59,70,73,93],"field":[5],"of":[6,19,72],"Language":[7],"Technology":[8],"(LT)":[9],"and":[10,21,81],"language-":[11],"centric":[12],"AI":[13,51,74],"by":[14],"assembling":[15],"a":[16,53],"comprehensive":[17],"state-of-the-art":[18],"basic":[20],"applied":[22],"research":[23,79],"in":[24,32],"area.":[26],"It":[27],"sketches":[28],"all":[29],"recent":[30,37],"advances":[31],"AI,":[33],"including":[34],"most":[36],"deep":[38],"learning":[39],"neural":[40],"technologies.":[41],"The":[42],"brings":[44],"to":[45,65,85,88],"light":[46],"not":[47],"only":[48],"where":[49,58],"language-centric":[50],"as":[52],"whole":[54],"stands,":[55],"but":[56],"also":[57],"required":[60],"resources":[61],"should":[62],"be":[63,86],"allocated":[64],"place":[66],"European":[67],"LT":[68,90],"at":[69],"forefront":[71],"revolution.":[75],"We":[76],"identify":[77],"key":[78],"areas":[80],"gaps":[82],"that":[83],"need":[84],"addressed":[87],"ensure":[89],"can":[91],"overcome":[92],"current":[94],"inequalities.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}