{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319717586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25312-6_52","title":"Rating the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy on a Highly Imbalanced Dataset","display_name":"Rating the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy on a Highly Imbalanced Dataset","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319717586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25312-6_52"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-25312-6_52","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25312-6_52","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055343848","display_name":"\u00c1ngela Casado-Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-4764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","display_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/0553yr311","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c1ngela Casado-Garc\u00eda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024422819","display_name":"Manuel Garc\u00eda-Dom\u00ednguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-5035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","display_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/0553yr311","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Garc\u00eda-Dom\u00ednguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008590671","display_name":"J\u00f3nathan Heras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-1306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","display_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/0553yr311","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f3nathan Heras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027687796","display_name":"Adri\u00e1n In\u00e9s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6989-1636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","display_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/0553yr311","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adri\u00e1n In\u00e9s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Matem\u00e1ticas y Computaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088164568","display_name":"D\u00eddac Royo Fibla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4183-4971"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Didac Royo","raw_affiliation_strings":["UPRetina, Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPRetina, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069734048","display_name":"Miguel \u00c1ngel Zapata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-4569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127641","display_name":"Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari","ror":"https://ror.org/03ba28x55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127641"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel \u00c1ngel Zapata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hospital Vall Hebron, Passeig Roser 126, Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e8s, 08195, Barcelona, Spain","UPRetina, Barcelona, Spain","Hospital Vall Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital Vall Hebron, Passeig Roser 126, Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e8s, 08195, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPRetina, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital Vall Hebron, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008590671"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51140511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"444","last_page":"451"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","score":0.8037910461425781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7032938003540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","score":0.6858282089233398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6390781402587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kappa","display_name":"Kappa","score":0.6163016557693481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinopathy","display_name":"Retinopathy","score":0.5504069924354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohens-kappa","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","score":0.530095636844635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.508129358291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optometry","display_name":"Optometry","score":0.47199109196662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"Primary care","score":0.46859660744667053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.4306173026561737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4231465458869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38299745321273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3630393445491791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.34532517194747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3404160141944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.29972416162490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine","display_name":"Family medicine","score":0.14436158537864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13555696606636047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.13291692733764648}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.8037910461425781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7032938003540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.6858282089233398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6390781402587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778724333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14401","display_name":"Kappa","level":2,"score":0.6163016557693481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778313320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550455","display_name":"Retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.5504069924354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163864269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107106","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","level":2,"score":0.530095636844635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.508129358291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.47199109196662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.46859660744667053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.4306173026561737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4231465458869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38299745321273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3630393445491791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.34532517194747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3404160141944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.29972416162490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.14436158537864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13555696606636047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.13291692733764648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-25312-6_52","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25312-6_52","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156163116","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2399340799","https://openalex.org/W2899853723","https://openalex.org/W2903044631","https://openalex.org/W2948685905","https://openalex.org/W2964054038","https://openalex.org/W3006436762","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3035941285","https://openalex.org/W3048087138","https://openalex.org/W3098350627","https://openalex.org/W3138994021","https://openalex.org/W3176910305"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967594194","https://openalex.org/W1444168786","https://openalex.org/W2294084971","https://openalex.org/W2148964467","https://openalex.org/W2281321759","https://openalex.org/W2474048269","https://openalex.org/W2792864698","https://openalex.org/W1966976587","https://openalex.org/W2292870489","https://openalex.org/W4294214983"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-06T02:01:19.302388","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}