{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312233877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19815-1_29","title":"OCR-Free Document Understanding Transformer","display_name":"OCR-Free Document Understanding Transformer","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312233877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19815-1_29"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-19815-1_29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19815-1_29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082063964","display_name":"Geewook Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6713-3858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260609","display_name":"NAVER Cloud (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/041051y78","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60922564","display_name":"Naver (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nzrnx83","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Geewook Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["NAVER CLOVA, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAVER CLOVA, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064513745","display_name":"Teakgyu Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teakgyu Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Upstage, Yongin-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Upstage, Yongin-si, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069451145","display_name":"Moonbin Yim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7272-2198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60922564","display_name":"Naver (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nzrnx83","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moonbin Yim","raw_affiliation_strings":["NAVER Search, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAVER Search, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002474625","display_name":"JeongYeon Nam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260609","display_name":"NAVER Cloud (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/041051y78","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60922564","display_name":"Naver (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nzrnx83","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JeongYeon Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["NAVER CLOVA, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAVER CLOVA, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428898","display_name":"Jinyoung Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3962-5668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163888","display_name":"Nkmax (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/05knvbx59","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163888"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyoung Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tmax, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tmax, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163888"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044445939","display_name":"Jinyeong Yim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3450-5758"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyeong Yim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014643514","display_name":"Wonseok Hwang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wonseok Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["LBox, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LBox, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003220288","display_name":"Sangdoo Yun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0417-8450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260609","display_name":"NAVER Cloud (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/041051y78","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60922564","display_name":"Naver (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nzrnx83","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangdoo Yun","raw_affiliation_strings":["NAVER AI Lab, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAVER AI Lab, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017685264","display_name":"Dongyoon Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-8195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260609","display_name":"NAVER Cloud (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/041051y78","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60922564","display_name":"Naver (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nzrnx83","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyoon Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["NAVER AI Lab, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAVER AI Lab, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048067770","display_name":"Seunghyun Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5260-1252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260609","display_name":"NAVER Cloud (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/041051y78","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60922564","display_name":"Naver (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04nzrnx83","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seunghyun Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["NAVER CLOVA, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAVER CLOVA, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082063964"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260609","https://openalex.org/I60922564"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.9371,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":338,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99565683,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"498","last_page":"517"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8828898668289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.8023874163627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.6455262899398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5342288017272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-processing","display_name":"Document processing","score":0.5259233713150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.48362815380096436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.4310835897922516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.40490609407424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.10205960273742676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8828898668289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.8023874163627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.6455262899398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5342288017272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67905146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5287646","display_name":"Document processing","level":2,"score":0.5259233713150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.48362815380096436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4310835897922516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.40490609407424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.10205960273742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-19815-1_29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19815-1_29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117491841","https://openalex.org/W1529557790","https://openalex.org/W1966382373","https://openalex.org/W1976373002","https://openalex.org/W2016589492","https://openalex.org/W2028571532","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2144554289","https://openalex.org/W2146835493","https://openalex.org/W2156332201","https://openalex.org/W2167629582","https://openalex.org/W2194187530","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2339589954","https://openalex.org/W2343052201","https://openalex.org/W2519818067","https://openalex.org/W2550687635","https://openalex.org/W2593572697","https://openalex.org/W2962772269","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963517393","https://openalex.org/W2967615747","https://openalex.org/W2997154779","https://openalex.org/W2998913931","https://openalex.org/W3000758063","https://openalex.org/W3001434439","https://openalex.org/W3003335533","https://openalex.org/W3003478049","https://openalex.org/W3003484198","https://openalex.org/W3004330198","https://openalex.org/W3004846386","https://openalex.org/W3034792612","https://openalex.org/W3034864438","https://openalex.org/W3034999214","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3104953317","https://openalex.org/W3106274667","https://openalex.org/W3107064625","https://openalex.org/W3120043490","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3156133475","https://openalex.org/W3173306993","https://openalex.org/W3173325518","https://openalex.org/W3176664887","https://openalex.org/W3176851559","https://openalex.org/W3182680257","https://openalex.org/W3197857628","https://openalex.org/W3199055417","https://openalex.org/W3200439183","https://openalex.org/W3202085723","https://openalex.org/W3202839357","https://openalex.org/W6600109629","https://openalex.org/W6601479648","https://openalex.org/W6604253536","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6778883912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2218402054","https://openalex.org/W4385079034","https://openalex.org/W2096747878","https://openalex.org/W4383988422","https://openalex.org/W3049463507","https://openalex.org/W2936497627","https://openalex.org/W2168844671","https://openalex.org/W4288365749","https://openalex.org/W3013624417","https://openalex.org/W4306157992"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":124},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":74},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}