{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297811498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_63","title":"Neural Question Generation for\u00a0the\u00a0Portuguese Language: A Preliminary Study","display_name":"Neural Question Generation for\u00a0the\u00a0Portuguese Language: A Preliminary Study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297811498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_63"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_63","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_63","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084411251","display_name":"Bernardo Leite","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-9501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernardo Leite","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-9501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035645484","display_name":"Henrique Lopes Cardoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-7515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrique Lopes Cardoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-7515","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79595473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"780","last_page":"793"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portuguese","display_name":"Portuguese","score":0.7795020341873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7754476070404053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.679118812084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.662031888961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5432305335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.53034508228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.490220844745636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.4606952369213104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.44831162691116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.41256457567214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38969531655311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.13947725296020508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35219183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146","display_name":"Portuguese","level":2,"score":0.7795020341873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7754476070404053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.679118812084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.662031888961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5432305335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.53034508228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.490220844745636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4606952369213104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44831162691116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.41256457567214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38969531655311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.13947725296020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_63","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_63","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W163271066","https://openalex.org/W2078549040","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2151466713","https://openalex.org/W2767319166","https://openalex.org/W2890166583","https://openalex.org/W2902583760","https://openalex.org/W2945260553","https://openalex.org/W2962717047","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2970647290","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2988673764","https://openalex.org/W3007759824","https://openalex.org/W3030214491","https://openalex.org/W3035359363","https://openalex.org/W3085549563","https://openalex.org/W3099756172","https://openalex.org/W3100439847","https://openalex.org/W3169483174","https://openalex.org/W3174544005","https://openalex.org/W3198458223","https://openalex.org/W4391156274","https://openalex.org/W6600988277"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503459176","https://openalex.org/W1629725936","https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W4288754364","https://openalex.org/W4308734192","https://openalex.org/W142374489","https://openalex.org/W4312831135","https://openalex.org/W2359001871","https://openalex.org/W1803932089","https://openalex.org/W1985007624"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}