{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296122736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16443-9_56","title":"Bayesian Pseudo Labels: Expectation Maximization for\u00a0Robust and\u00a0Efficient Semi-supervised Segmentation","display_name":"Bayesian Pseudo Labels: Expectation Maximization for\u00a0Robust and\u00a0Efficient Semi-supervised Segmentation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296122736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16443-9_56"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16443-9_56","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16443-9_56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073094674","display_name":"Moucheng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3368-9871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mou-Cheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087083706","display_name":"Yukun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0840-6422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yukun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089564180","display_name":"Jin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-4141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042005913","display_name":"Marius de Groot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-1397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188950975","display_name":"GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01xsqw823","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188950975"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marius de Groot","raw_affiliation_strings":["GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188950975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033449704","display_name":"Daniel C. Alexander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-350X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel C. Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075265609","display_name":"Neil P. Oxtoby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-3909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil P. Oxtoby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032309114","display_name":"Yipeng Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4902-0486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yipeng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009829456","display_name":"Joseph Jacob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-2293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Jacob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073094674"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0859,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93132425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"580","last_page":"590"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7630151510238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.676361083984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6756483912467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6422451138496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5689103007316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.5359469652175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5183663964271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.4738847613334656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4629462957382202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3436223864555359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14540758728981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.1317799985408783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7630151510238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.676361083984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6756483912467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6422451138496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5689103007316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5359469652175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5183663964271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4738847613334656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4629462957382202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3436223864555359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14540758728981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.1317799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16443-9_56","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16443-9_56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2810537366","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M020533/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1641498739","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2213701027","https://openalex.org/W2560662850","https://openalex.org/W2751665805","https://openalex.org/W2948194985","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2970971581","https://openalex.org/W2989700832","https://openalex.org/W3001197829","https://openalex.org/W3035680157","https://openalex.org/W3035682985","https://openalex.org/W3094938797","https://openalex.org/W3171581326","https://openalex.org/W3201787829","https://openalex.org/W3203046931","https://openalex.org/W4226443039"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055243143","https://openalex.org/W2494523064","https://openalex.org/W2943623134","https://openalex.org/W2215759665","https://openalex.org/W2960358116","https://openalex.org/W2030292806","https://openalex.org/W3041172967","https://openalex.org/W1522196789","https://openalex.org/W2117469974","https://openalex.org/W2553519758"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
