{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285611930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11217-1_4","title":"Why Not to\u00a0Trust Big Data: Discussing Statistical Paradoxes","display_name":"Why Not to\u00a0Trust Big Data: Discussing Statistical Paradoxes","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285611930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11217-1_4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11217-1_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11217-1_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047705301","display_name":"Rahul Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9024-8768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9024-8768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056148154","display_name":"Minakshi Kaushik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6658-1712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minakshi Kaushik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6658-1712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070410212","display_name":"Sijo Arakkal Peious","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7858-9463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sijo Arakkal Peious","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7858-9463","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026252399","display_name":"Mahtab Shahin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahtab Shahin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0034-018X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018737268","display_name":"Ankit Vidyarthi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8026-4246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154970844","display_name":"Jaypee Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sttyy11","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154970844"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankit Vidyarthi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8026-4246","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154970844"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082046789","display_name":"Prayag Tiwari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-4260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prayag Tiwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-4260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024067855","display_name":"Dirk Draheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3376-7489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Draheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3376-7489","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Group, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047705301"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7118,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86602709,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"50","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.9523810744285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7737475633621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.6728489398956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.6511380672454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5023837089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-analysis","display_name":"Statistical analysis","score":0.49069082736968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-learning","display_name":"Statistical learning","score":0.47647711634635925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4698798954486847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-evidence","display_name":"Statistical evidence","score":0.43002814054489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3944127857685089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2820785641670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.17752578854560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12322139739990234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.092987060546875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.9523810744285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7737475633621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.6728489398956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.6511380672454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5023837089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.49069082736968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982736386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Statistical learning","level":2,"score":0.47647711634635925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4698798954486847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993259228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3320364","display_name":"Statistical evidence","level":3,"score":0.43002814054489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3944127857685089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2820785641670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.17752578854560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12322139739990234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.092987060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191988596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628374","display_name":"Null hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11217-1_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11217-1_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30853191","https://openalex.org/W1481566577","https://openalex.org/W1969070776","https://openalex.org/W1974423219","https://openalex.org/W1991041471","https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2014219648","https://openalex.org/W2063841934","https://openalex.org/W2076984014","https://openalex.org/W2093858069","https://openalex.org/W2150291618","https://openalex.org/W2164411392","https://openalex.org/W2182430568","https://openalex.org/W2327332664","https://openalex.org/W2400892929","https://openalex.org/W2801622737","https://openalex.org/W2905472553","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2963061618","https://openalex.org/W2997167919","https://openalex.org/W3025013230","https://openalex.org/W3048189632","https://openalex.org/W3089438904","https://openalex.org/W3093084901","https://openalex.org/W3107008539","https://openalex.org/W3132308259","https://openalex.org/W3176910388","https://openalex.org/W4205869722","https://openalex.org/W4212838134","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W6922484954"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373751397","https://openalex.org/W3122867159","https://openalex.org/W400867438","https://openalex.org/W2238515858","https://openalex.org/W3158352898","https://openalex.org/W4401286347","https://openalex.org/W4280557412","https://openalex.org/W4299911054","https://openalex.org/W2364657877","https://openalex.org/W1498095661"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}