{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226364671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04881-4_27","title":"Discriminative Learning of\u00a0Two-Dimensional Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars for\u00a0Mathematical Expression Recognition and\u00a0Retrieval","display_name":"Discriminative Learning of\u00a0Two-Dimensional Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars for\u00a0Mathematical Expression Recognition and\u00a0Retrieval","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226364671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04881-4_27"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04881-4_27","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04881-4_27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013105164","display_name":"Ernesto Noya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5727-9730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ernesto Noya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089241415","display_name":"Jos\u00e9-Miguel Bened\u00ed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel Bened\u00ed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061837815","display_name":"Joan Andreu S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-2020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joan Andreu S\u00e1nchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain","Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Valencia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047018980","display_name":"Dan Anitei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-6009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Anitei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica Val\u00e8ncia, 46022, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013105164"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0555,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88457639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"333","last_page":"347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8458204865455627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7660341262817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.666736900806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6470903158187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6153445243835449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5912362933158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-grammar","display_name":"Context-free grammar","score":0.5506389737129211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.513333261013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.49487608671188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4705774188041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3839893341064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3201058506965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20898905396461487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8458204865455627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7660341262817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.666736900806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6470903158187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6153445243835449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5912362933158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97212296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047","display_name":"Context-free grammar","level":3,"score":0.5506389737129211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.513333261013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.49487608671188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4705774188041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3839893341064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3201058506965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20898905396461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04881-4_27","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04881-4_27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517284397","https://openalex.org/W1547416962","https://openalex.org/W1810641085","https://openalex.org/W1978470410","https://openalex.org/W1978806189","https://openalex.org/W1998726122","https://openalex.org/W2003123121","https://openalex.org/W2032005922","https://openalex.org/W2071291967","https://openalex.org/W2080193993","https://openalex.org/W2097635532","https://openalex.org/W2098601596","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2164579587","https://openalex.org/W2885201322","https://openalex.org/W3158751621","https://openalex.org/W3197055326"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075445622","https://openalex.org/W1557335907","https://openalex.org/W4286266684","https://openalex.org/W1586408085","https://openalex.org/W1538450113","https://openalex.org/W59084530","https://openalex.org/W3013382169","https://openalex.org/W2389079996","https://openalex.org/W1517502158","https://openalex.org/W1999807683"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
