{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194060937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85896-4_28","title":"Removing Input Confounder for Translation Quality Estimation via a Causal Motivated Method","display_name":"Removing Input Confounder for Translation Quality Estimation via a Causal Motivated Method","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194060937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85896-4_28","mag":"3194060937"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85896-4_28","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85896-4_28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075237838","display_name":"Xuewen Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-0532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139765","display_name":"Beijing Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/047r47y76","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuewen Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087631670","display_name":"Heyan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0320-7520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139765","display_name":"Beijing Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/047r47y76","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heyan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101796595","display_name":"Ping Jian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7236-2922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139765","display_name":"Beijing Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/047r47y76","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Jian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073550269","display_name":"Yi-Kun Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5419-4769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139765","display_name":"Beijing Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/047r47y76","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Kun Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications, Beijing, 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075237838"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I4210139765"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15870404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"358","last_page":"364"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9678999781608582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8495941162109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7230790257453918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5517475605010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"Causal inference","score":0.550623893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5156137347221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4830263555049896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.4801841974258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4760677218437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.46729448437690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.45088398456573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.41357290744781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32729572057724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32407933473587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.21679487824440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11338284611701965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8495941162109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7230790257453918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5517475605010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.550623893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5156137347221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4830263555049896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.4801841974258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4760677218437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.46729448437690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.45088398456573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.41357290744781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32729572057724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32407933473587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21679487824440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11338284611701965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85896-4_28","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85896-4_28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160001241","https://openalex.org/W2470207857","https://openalex.org/W2616647696","https://openalex.org/W2790319220","https://openalex.org/W2963506925","https://openalex.org/W3119881489","https://openalex.org/W3120929527","https://openalex.org/W6767250937"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011059803","https://openalex.org/W2375873920","https://openalex.org/W3151736118","https://openalex.org/W4362495644","https://openalex.org/W2146114872","https://openalex.org/W2392060890","https://openalex.org/W2055243143","https://openalex.org/W2889343356","https://openalex.org/W2392760275","https://openalex.org/W2083530853"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
