{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3117874068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69143-1_28","title":"Enhanced Back-Translation for Low Resource Neural Machine Translation Using Self-training","display_name":"Enhanced Back-Translation for Low Resource Neural Machine Translation Using Self-training","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3117874068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69143-1_28","mag":"3117874068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-69143-1_28","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69143-1_28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.02876","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Idris Abdulmumin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3795-8381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919958821","display_name":"Bayero University Kano","ror":"https://ror.org/049pzty39","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919958821"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Idris Abdulmumin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru Campus, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria","Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3795-8381","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru Campus, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919958821"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bashir Shehu Galadanci","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919958821","display_name":"Bayero University Kano","ror":"https://ror.org/049pzty39","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919958821"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bashir Shehu Galadanci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919958821"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Abubakar Isa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abubakar Isa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru Campus, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru Campus, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I919958821"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8722,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91789398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"355","last_page":"371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8339999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8339999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.020400000736117363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.016899999231100082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7699000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.7609000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5027999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.4722000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-corpora","display_name":"Parallel corpora","score":0.4115999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-data","display_name":"Synthetic data","score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.3476000130176544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8585000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7699000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.7609000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5582000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5027999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.4722000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985367798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1346592","display_name":"Parallel corpora","level":3,"score":0.4115999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3239000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C622187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3500773","display_name":"BLEU","level":3,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100463513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227322","display_name":"Data model (GIS)","level":2,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55037315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421151","display_name":"Experimental data","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.25699999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-69143-1_28","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69143-1_28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2006.02876","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.02876","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.02876","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2006.02876","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.02876","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.02876","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2550821151","https://openalex.org/W2561274697","https://openalex.org/W2597891111","https://openalex.org/W2756566411","https://openalex.org/W2884392106","https://openalex.org/W2886095922","https://openalex.org/W2887516053","https://openalex.org/W2888808532","https://openalex.org/W2889326796","https://openalex.org/W2902128069","https://openalex.org/W2902614977","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2962801832","https://openalex.org/W2963088995","https://openalex.org/W2963109507","https://openalex.org/W2963212250","https://openalex.org/W2963216553","https://openalex.org/W2963569817","https://openalex.org/W2963807318","https://openalex.org/W2970015022","https://openalex.org/W2970169061","https://openalex.org/W2970259631","https://openalex.org/W2970971057","https://openalex.org/W6601870611","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6753640285","https://openalex.org/W6829887170","https://openalex.org/W7075682760"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2021-01-05T00:00:00"}
