{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127463063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65414-6_35","title":"Investigating Bias and Fairness in Facial Expression Recognition","display_name":"Investigating Bias and Fairness in Facial Expression Recognition","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127463063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65414-6_35","mag":"3127463063"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65414-6_35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65414-6_35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6530195","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076801826","display_name":"Xu Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5824-7020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017298392","display_name":"Jennifer C. White","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032424779","display_name":"Sinan Kalkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0915-5917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sinan Kalkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060090893","display_name":"Hatice G\u00fcne\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2407-3012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hatice Gunes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076801826"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":160,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"506","last_page":"523"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.7953627109527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7670888900756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.7170113325119019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-recognition","display_name":"Facial expression recognition","score":0.6609570980072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5275452136993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.5099941492080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.5093604326248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4936307668685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.4460495412349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4269057512283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4134413003921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3743177652359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07030323147773743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.7953627109527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7670888900756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.7170113325119019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987714656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185804","display_name":"Facial expression recognition","level":4,"score":0.6609570980072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5275452136993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5099941492080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5093604326248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4936307668685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.4460495412349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4269057512283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4134413003921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3743177652359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07030323147773743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65414-6_35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65414-6_35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:6530195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6530195","pdf_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6530195","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://open.metu.edu.tr:11511/93936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11511/93936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402495","display_name":"OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","host_organization_name":"Middle East Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ECCV2020 Workshop: ChaLearn Looking at People workshop ECCV: Fair Face Recognition and Analysis","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:6530195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6530195","pdf_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6530195","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5958960649","display_name":"Smart Working environments for all Ages","funder_award_id":"826232","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6727730784","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BIDEB 2219","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","funder_display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127463063.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127463063.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584317276","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W1965947362","https://openalex.org/W2025905516","https://openalex.org/W2059899824","https://openalex.org/W2096061497","https://openalex.org/W2100960835","https://openalex.org/W2116984840","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2569242799","https://openalex.org/W2595840341","https://openalex.org/W2737559518","https://openalex.org/W2738672149","https://openalex.org/W2751039952","https://openalex.org/W2775492358","https://openalex.org/W2777906431","https://openalex.org/W2799041689","https://openalex.org/W2809878087","https://openalex.org/W2887768933","https://openalex.org/W2890680318","https://openalex.org/W2891191887","https://openalex.org/W2899771611","https://openalex.org/W2901900434","https://openalex.org/W2907374781","https://openalex.org/W2913591211","https://openalex.org/W2914036220","https://openalex.org/W2950113871","https://openalex.org/W2950538796","https://openalex.org/W2957285709","https://openalex.org/W2963010714","https://openalex.org/W2963116854","https://openalex.org/W2963174898","https://openalex.org/W2982232682","https://openalex.org/W2989701728","https://openalex.org/W2990751682","https://openalex.org/W2991334938","https://openalex.org/W2994828068","https://openalex.org/W3009247505","https://openalex.org/W3010981289","https://openalex.org/W3012624518","https://openalex.org/W3034700241","https://openalex.org/W3035232573","https://openalex.org/W3037594484","https://openalex.org/W3037771725","https://openalex.org/W3046819526","https://openalex.org/W3048511172","https://openalex.org/W3120331640","https://openalex.org/W3126028293","https://openalex.org/W3175998650","https://openalex.org/W4233204037","https://openalex.org/W6600960893","https://openalex.org/W6601487527","https://openalex.org/W6756040250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205986151","https://openalex.org/W2355913164","https://openalex.org/W2162992774","https://openalex.org/W1153638794","https://openalex.org/W2168968280","https://openalex.org/W2901126000","https://openalex.org/W2584926856","https://openalex.org/W2075935902","https://openalex.org/W4323520705","https://openalex.org/W4240500943"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2021-02-15T00:00:00"}
