{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135566004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63307-3_4","title":"Automatic Scoring and Grading of COVID-19 Lung Infection Approach","display_name":"Automatic Scoring and Grading of COVID-19 Lung Infection Approach","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135566004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63307-3_4","mag":"3135566004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63307-3_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63307-3_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187899","display_name":"Studies in systems, decision and control","issn_l":"2198-4182","issn":["2198-4182","2198-4190"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Systems, Decision and Control","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066907086","display_name":"Kamel K. Mohammed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134598","display_name":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03rahtg67","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184834183","display_name":"Al-Azhar University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fnp1145","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184834183"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kamel. K. Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Virus Research and Studies, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt","Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virus Research and Studies, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184834183"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076125763","display_name":"Heba M. Afify","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-0883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120363","display_name":"Higher Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pyw9g57","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134598","display_name":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03rahtg67","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heba M. Afify","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt","System and Biomedical Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering in El-Shorouk City, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"System and Biomedical Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering in El-Shorouk City, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101948445","display_name":"Ashraf Darwish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-1436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134598","display_name":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03rahtg67","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84058292","display_name":"Helwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00h55v928","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84058292"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashraf Darwish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science, Helwan Uinversity, Helwan, Egypt","Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt","Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science, Helwan Uinversity, Helwan, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84058292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84058292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085432173","display_name":"Aboul Ella Hassanien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-6681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134598","display_name":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03rahtg67","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aboul Ella Hassanien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134598"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066907086"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184834183","https://openalex.org/I4210134598"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05627808,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"63","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12439","display_name":"Dental Research and COVID-19","score":0.9225000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.8011361956596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.6558626890182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grading","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","score":0.594514012336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5656272768974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymptomatic","display_name":"Asymptomatic","score":0.5310654640197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5233442187309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5229626297950745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung","display_name":"Lung","score":0.45983263850212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.45436882972717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4412946403026581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4400445818901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.4328746795654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4305551052093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection-rate","display_name":"Infection rate","score":0.4243118166923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.35019588470458984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2813892364501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.19944941997528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.16991156339645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.15264105796813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.11264297366142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08988326787948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.0678936243057251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.8011361956596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6558626890182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.594514012336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5656272768974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777910003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707292","display_name":"Asymptomatic","level":2,"score":0.5310654640197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5233442187309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5229626297950745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.45983263850212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.45436882972717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4412946403026581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4400445818901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.4328746795654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4305551052093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781254715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28454687","display_name":"Infection rate","level":2,"score":0.4243118166923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35019588470458984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2813892364501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.19944941997528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.16991156339645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.15264105796813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.11264297366142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08988326787948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0678936243057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63307-3_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63307-3_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187899","display_name":"Studies in systems, decision and control","issn_l":"2198-4182","issn":["2198-4182","2198-4190"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Systems, Decision and Control","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037031008","https://openalex.org/W2046153984","https://openalex.org/W2062143206","https://openalex.org/W2099951869","https://openalex.org/W2118386984","https://openalex.org/W2138957397","https://openalex.org/W2165465471","https://openalex.org/W2573137292","https://openalex.org/W2800867346","https://openalex.org/W2892358612","https://openalex.org/W2947137917","https://openalex.org/W2963356986","https://openalex.org/W3003668884","https://openalex.org/W3004802901","https://openalex.org/W3004906315","https://openalex.org/W3006882119","https://openalex.org/W3007170347","https://openalex.org/W3007170977","https://openalex.org/W3007273493","https://openalex.org/W3007497549","https://openalex.org/W3008985036","https://openalex.org/W3011041531","https://openalex.org/W3011048075","https://openalex.org/W3011351342","https://openalex.org/W3011364032","https://openalex.org/W3012284084","https://openalex.org/W3012817089","https://openalex.org/W3013507463","https://openalex.org/W3015596934","https://openalex.org/W3016216487","https://openalex.org/W3017403618","https://openalex.org/W3020898735","https://openalex.org/W3024403805","https://openalex.org/W3028477247","https://openalex.org/W3037538421","https://openalex.org/W3162351260","https://openalex.org/W6600041127"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162082990","https://openalex.org/W1968965685","https://openalex.org/W2012792772","https://openalex.org/W2356573839","https://openalex.org/W2009028679","https://openalex.org/W2357424838","https://openalex.org/W2356903262","https://openalex.org/W2327601824","https://openalex.org/W4237142086","https://openalex.org/W2161102362"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}