{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955676896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32251-9_29","title":"Multiple Landmark Detection Using Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Multiple Landmark Detection Using Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955676896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32251-9_29","mag":"2955676896"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32251-9_29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32251-9_29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.00318","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020902651","display_name":"Athanasios Vlontzos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-2574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Athanasios Vlontzos","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042654952","display_name":"Amir Alansary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-4273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Alansary","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001104721","display_name":"Konstantinos Kamnitsas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-6509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Kamnitsas","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006461848","display_name":"Daniel Rueckert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-5889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Rueckert","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078127596","display_name":"Bernhard Kainz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7813-5023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Kainz","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMedIA, Computing Department, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020902651"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.769,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72238372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"262","last_page":"270"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.9058804512023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7964709401130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6894091367721558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6798262596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"Interdependence","score":0.540399968624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4870908260345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4822026491165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46343690156936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3537209630012512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.9058804512023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7964709401130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6894091367721558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6798262596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.540399968624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4870908260345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4822026491165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46343690156936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3537209630012512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32251-9_29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32251-9_29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1907.00318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00318","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.00318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2955676896","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.00318.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/83334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/83334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"10th International Workshop on Machine Learning in Medical Imaging (MLMI) / 22nd International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI)","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1907.00318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.00318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1907.00318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00318","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.00318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1321682187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2130794","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7081045067","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S013687/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982780211","https://openalex.org/W2078524519","https://openalex.org/W2110625699","https://openalex.org/W2127589108","https://openalex.org/W2130775436","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2160067530","https://openalex.org/W2168747910","https://openalex.org/W2399244897","https://openalex.org/W2520402508","https://openalex.org/W2526653212","https://openalex.org/W2768629321","https://openalex.org/W2771590529","https://openalex.org/W2794643322","https://openalex.org/W2809133690","https://openalex.org/W2903819949","https://openalex.org/W2963000099","https://openalex.org/W2963627051","https://openalex.org/W2963656426"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2477655097","https://openalex.org/W2895692661","https://openalex.org/W3084053672","https://openalex.org/W3091345886","https://openalex.org/W3091633745","https://openalex.org/W2981252211","https://openalex.org/W3112133818","https://openalex.org/W3037739109","https://openalex.org/W3099342433","https://openalex.org/W2965638258","https://openalex.org/W2795659077","https://openalex.org/W2990183448","https://openalex.org/W3125519332","https://openalex.org/W3140282101","https://openalex.org/W2989915223","https://openalex.org/W2066906022","https://openalex.org/W3208741726","https://openalex.org/W3001594647","https://openalex.org/W2900474539","https://openalex.org/W3030981716"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
