{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2977997512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_32","title":"Improved Quality Estimation of Machine Translation with Pre-trained Language Representation","display_name":"Improved Quality Estimation of Machine Translation with Pre-trained Language Representation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2977997512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_32","mag":"2977997512"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007015854","display_name":"Guoyi Miao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guoyi Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052007289","display_name":"Hui Di","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Di","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101698034","display_name":"Jinan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-626X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017480100","display_name":"Zhongcheng Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092299","display_name":"Qihoo 360 (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4rkj69","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092299"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongcheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qihoo 360 Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qihoo 360 Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092299"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394297","display_name":"Yufeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-6788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017058806","display_name":"Kazushige Ouchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazushige Ouchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007015854"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18226744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"406","last_page":"417"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8835840225219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.8434440493583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6458913087844849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6003265380859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5880177021026611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.578092098236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5560436248779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.529730498790741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5234774351119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5089371204376221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5086113214492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.43546682596206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.4351350963115692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.42709916830062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4238376021385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.41668516397476196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8835840225219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.8434440493583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6458913087844849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6003265380859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5880177021026611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.578092098236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5560436248779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.529730498790741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5234774351119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5089371204376221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5086113214492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.43546682596206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.4351350963115692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.42709916830062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4238376021385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41668516397476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W2148708890","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2164984707","https://openalex.org/W2167679664","https://openalex.org/W2170973209","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2251333340","https://openalex.org/W2511164486","https://openalex.org/W2514694861","https://openalex.org/W2525778437","https://openalex.org/W2613904329","https://openalex.org/W2626778328","https://openalex.org/W2754753494","https://openalex.org/W2787560479","https://openalex.org/W2962739339","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963824830","https://openalex.org/W2964308564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361861616","https://openalex.org/W2384400852","https://openalex.org/W3204898214","https://openalex.org/W2963259630","https://openalex.org/W4240926580","https://openalex.org/W2070920720","https://openalex.org/W2475062008","https://openalex.org/W2122294272","https://openalex.org/W2398549619","https://openalex.org/W1542743110"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}