{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2972839923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_22","title":"Artificial Intelligence in the Public Sector: A Study of Challenges and Opportunities for Norwegian Municipalities","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in the Public Sector: A Study of Challenges and Opportunities for Norwegian Municipalities","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2972839923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_22","mag":"2972839923"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_22","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2631304","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076679564","display_name":"Patrick Mikalef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-2277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387930215","display_name":"SINTEF Digital","ror":"https://ror.org/028m52w57","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Mikalef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian University of Science and Technology and SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway","Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands Vei 7-9, 7491, Trondheim, Norway","SINTEF Digital, S. P. Andersens Veg 5, 7031, Trondheim, Norway","NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NO-7491 Trondheim - Norway)","SINTEF Digital - Stiftelsen for INdustriell og TEknisk Forskning Digital [Trondheim] (SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760 Torgarden, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway - Norway)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology and SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands Vei 7-9, 7491, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital, S. P. Andersens Veg 5, 7031, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NO-7491 Trondheim - Norway)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital - Stiftelsen for INdustriell og TEknisk Forskning Digital [Trondheim] (SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760 Torgarden, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway - Norway)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004454276","display_name":"Siw Olsen Fj\u00f8rtoft","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-4010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387930215","display_name":"SINTEF Digital","ror":"https://ror.org/028m52w57","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siw Olsen Fj\u00f8rtoft","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINTEF Digital, S. P. Andersens Veg 5, 7031, Trondheim, Norway","SINTEF Digital - Stiftelsen for INdustriell og TEknisk Forskning Digital [Trondheim] (SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760 Torgarden, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway - Norway)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital, S. P. Andersens Veg 5, 7031, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital - Stiftelsen for INdustriell og TEknisk Forskning Digital [Trondheim] (SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760 Torgarden, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway - Norway)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008430300","display_name":"Hans Torvatn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0996-4805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387930215","display_name":"SINTEF Digital","ror":"https://ror.org/028m52w57","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans Yngvar Torvatn","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINTEF Digital, S. P. Andersens Veg 5, 7031, Trondheim, Norway","SINTEF Digital - Stiftelsen for INdustriell og TEknisk Forskning Digital [Trondheim] (SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760 Torgarden, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway - Norway)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital, S. P. Andersens Veg 5, 7031, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital - Stiftelsen for INdustriell og TEknisk Forskning Digital [Trondheim] (SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760 Torgarden, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway - Norway)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.9314,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99167344,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"267","last_page":"277"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13181","display_name":"Economic and Technological Systems Analysis","score":0.9490000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9448999762535095,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norwegian","display_name":"Norwegian","score":0.8086652755737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector","display_name":"Public sector","score":0.6977127194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5926709771156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5295848250389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-sector","display_name":"Private sector","score":0.5039588809013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4817197918891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.4795527160167694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.4556480050086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.41759732365608215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.26774680614471436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.1256864368915558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.092527836561203}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63428231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9043","display_name":"Norwegian","level":2,"score":0.8086652755737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.6977127194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5926709771156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5295848250389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.5039588809013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4817197918891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4795527160167694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4556480050086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.41759732365608215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26774680614471436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1256864368915558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.092527836561203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_22","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2631304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2631304","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2631304","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"267-277","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02510134v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-02510134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"18th Conference on e-Business, e-Services and e-Society (I3E), Sep 2019, Trondheim, Norway. pp.267-277, ⟨10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_22⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sintef.brage.unit.no:11250/2660273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2660273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"267-277","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2631304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2631304","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2631304","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"267-277","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2972839923.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113610916","https://openalex.org/W2280321044","https://openalex.org/W2527943531","https://openalex.org/W2580906503","https://openalex.org/W2583955450","https://openalex.org/W2757967610","https://openalex.org/W2784925536","https://openalex.org/W2786141192","https://openalex.org/W2794518042","https://openalex.org/W2807954755","https://openalex.org/W2885510848","https://openalex.org/W2895071932","https://openalex.org/W2897312458","https://openalex.org/W2902873908","https://openalex.org/W2904864026","https://openalex.org/W2911848716","https://openalex.org/W2934302500","https://openalex.org/W2944471258","https://openalex.org/W3035576530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283314095","https://openalex.org/W2490307366","https://openalex.org/W2026194140","https://openalex.org/W2609483649","https://openalex.org/W2090914603","https://openalex.org/W2181372654","https://openalex.org/W25456754","https://openalex.org/W2109095530","https://openalex.org/W3122927789","https://openalex.org/W1971087041"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}