{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944264045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","title":"A Taxonomy of Software Engineering Challenges for Machine Learning Systems: An Empirical Investigation","display_name":"A Taxonomy of Software Engineering Challenges for Machine Learning Systems: An Empirical Investigation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944264045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","mag":"2944264045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-030-19034-7_14.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177767","display_name":"Lecture notes in business information processing","issn_l":"1865-1348","issn":["1865-1348","1865-1356"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-030-19034-7_14.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087937395","display_name":"Lucy Ellen Lwakatare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-891X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lucy Ellen Lwakatare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087216064","display_name":"Aiswarya Raj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6504-482X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aiswarya Raj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010170972","display_name":"Jan Bosch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2854-722X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Bosch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049811300","display_name":"Helena Holmstr\u00f6m Olsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7700-1816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183111857","display_name":"Malm\u00f6 University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wp7an13","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183111857"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helena Holmstr\u00f6m Olsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Malm\u00f6 University, Nordenski\u00f6ldsgatan, 211 19, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Malm\u00f6 University, Nordenski\u00f6ldsgatan, 211 19, Malm\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183111857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002610402","display_name":"Ivica Crnkovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-755X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivica Crnkovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, H\u00f6rselg\u00e5ngen 11, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087937395"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":57.3322,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":199,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99975189,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"227","last_page":"243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.6292020678520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5705620050430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.521141529083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.32783621549606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32419446110725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25386643409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07919654250144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.054463088512420654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6292020678520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5705620050430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.521141529083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.32783621549606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32419446110725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25386643409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07919654250144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.054463088512420654}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-030-19034-7_14.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177767","display_name":"Lecture notes in business information processing","issn_l":"1865-1348","issn":["1865-1348","1865-1356"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:mau-12442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-12442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muep.mau.se:2043/28600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2043/28600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196423","display_name":"Malm\u00f6 University Publications (Malm\u00f6 University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183111857","host_organization_name":"Malm\u00f6 University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183111857"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Paper in proceeding"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:512250","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/512250","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19034-7_14","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-030-19034-7_14.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177767","display_name":"Lecture notes in business information processing","issn_l":"1865-1348","issn":["1865-1348","1865-1356"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944264045.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944264045.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494846899","https://openalex.org/W1585201850","https://openalex.org/W1977695489","https://openalex.org/W2029237784","https://openalex.org/W2078168055","https://openalex.org/W2089135290","https://openalex.org/W2094834818","https://openalex.org/W2162739315","https://openalex.org/W2189162242","https://openalex.org/W2552408584","https://openalex.org/W2611130659","https://openalex.org/W2613597870","https://openalex.org/W2622338386","https://openalex.org/W2714259754","https://openalex.org/W2760355118","https://openalex.org/W2794670651","https://openalex.org/W2806456500","https://openalex.org/W2896671475","https://openalex.org/W2928895426","https://openalex.org/W3017201198","https://openalex.org/W3098910265","https://openalex.org/W3110197861","https://openalex.org/W4231888234"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"enabled":[3,29],"systems":[4,53,70],"have":[5],"been":[6],"an":[7],"inevitable":[8],"part":[9],"of":[10,33,67,96,98],"everyday":[11],"life.":[12],"However,":[13],"efficient":[14],"software":[15,41,81,112],"engineering":[16,42,82,113],"principles":[17],"and":[18,24,39,78,115,120],"processes":[19],"need":[20],"to":[21,37,111,117],"be":[22],"considered":[23],"extended":[25],"when":[26,50],"developing":[27,51],"AI-":[28],"systems.":[30],"The":[31,84],"objective":[32],"this":[34],"study":[35,61,108],"is":[36],"identify":[38],"classify":[40],"challenges":[43,85],"that":[44,54,92],"are":[45,86],"faced":[46],"by":[47],"different":[48,73],"companies":[49,74],"software-intensive":[52,102],"incorporate":[55],"machine":[56,68,125],"learning":[57,69],"components.":[58],"Using":[59],"case":[60],"approach,":[62],"we":[63],"explored":[64],"the":[65,94],"development":[66],"from":[71],"six":[72],"across":[75],"various":[76],"domains":[77],"identified":[79],"main":[80],"challenges.":[83],"mapped":[87],"into":[88,123],"a":[89],"proposed":[90],"taxonomy":[91],"depicts":[93],"evolution":[95],"use":[97],"ML":[99],"components":[100],"in":[101,104],"system":[103],"industrial":[105],"settings.":[106],"Our":[107],"provides":[109],"insights":[110],"community":[114],"research":[116,122],"guide":[118],"discussions":[119],"future":[121],"applied":[124],"learning.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-07T08:38:57.713557","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
