{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2907330399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05195-2_41","title":"A More Efficient AOA Method for 2D and 3D Direction Estimation with Arbitrary Antenna Array Geometry","display_name":"A More Efficient AOA Method for 2D and 3D Direction Estimation with Arbitrary Antenna Array Geometry","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2907330399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05195-2_41","mag":"2907330399"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05195-2_41","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05195-2_41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917809","display_name":"Lecture notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering","issn_l":"1867-8211","issn":["1867-8211","1867-822X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060936667","display_name":"Mohammed Al-Sadoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-8251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","display_name":"University of Bradford","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs8d940","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768058","display_name":"Basrah University College of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/022patd17","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391768058"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. A. G. Al-Sadoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basra University College of Science and Technology, Basra, 61004, Iraq","Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basra University College of Science and Technology, Basra, 61004, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391768058"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051999101","display_name":"N. A. Abduljabbar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","display_name":"University of Bradford","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs8d940","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. A. Abduljabbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033853183","display_name":"Nazar Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2991-9451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. T. Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091176805","display_name":"Rameez Asif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-4670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","display_name":"University of Bradford","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs8d940","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Asif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048008676","display_name":"A. Zweid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768058","display_name":"Basrah University College of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/022patd17","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391768058"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Zweid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basra University College of Science and Technology, Basra, 61004, Iraq"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basra University College of Science and Technology, Basra, 61004, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391768058"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000847463","display_name":"H. Alhassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-9230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","display_name":"University of Bradford","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs8d940","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Alhassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052166718","display_name":"James M. Noras","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","display_name":"University of Bradford","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs8d940","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Noras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084069773","display_name":"Raed A. Abd\u2010Alhameed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2972-9965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768058","display_name":"Basrah University College of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/022patd17","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391768058"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","display_name":"University of Bradford","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs8d940","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. A. Abd-Alhameed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Basra University College of Science and Technology, Basra, 61004, Iraq","Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Basra University College of Science and Technology, Basra, 61004, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391768058"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060936667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139894009","https://openalex.org/I4391768058"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3021,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85331577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"419","last_page":"430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonality","display_name":"Orthogonality","score":0.7477521300315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6653430461883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-arrival","display_name":"Angle of arrival","score":0.6609609723091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-subspace","display_name":"Signal subspace","score":0.6316823959350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.5979612469673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.5742387771606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.5506753325462341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5068016648292542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.49472305178642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4853421747684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar-array","display_name":"Planar array","score":0.4770642817020416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-array","display_name":"Sensor array","score":0.45108139514923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-finding","display_name":"Direction finding","score":0.4413270950317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.4372090697288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31195271015167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.21625131368637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19246181845664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.16686129570007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14298585057258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.11162477731704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08580777049064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.06817123293876648}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17137986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215067","display_name":"Orthogonality","level":2,"score":0.7477521300315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6653430461883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.6609609723091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777121530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512739","display_name":"Signal subspace","level":4,"score":0.6316823959350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.5979612469673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.5742387771606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.5506753325462341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5068016648292542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.49472305178642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4853421747684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775980084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Planar array","level":2,"score":0.4770642817020416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66251956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451086","display_name":"Sensor array","level":2,"score":0.45108139514923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780382809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367488","display_name":"Direction finding","level":3,"score":0.4413270950317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.4372090697288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31195271015167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.21625131368637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19246181845664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.16686129570007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14298585057258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.11162477731704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08580777049064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.06817123293876648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05195-2_41","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05195-2_41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917809","display_name":"Lecture notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering","issn_l":"1867-8211","issn":["1867-8211","1867-822X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:87569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/87569/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400384","display_name":"UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","host_organization_name":"University of East Anglia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"NonPeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496112662","https://openalex.org/W2048358950","https://openalex.org/W2066218102","https://openalex.org/W2075261934","https://openalex.org/W2080115549","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2136172079","https://openalex.org/W2148982591","https://openalex.org/W2549478834","https://openalex.org/W2602639089","https://openalex.org/W2755454789","https://openalex.org/W2768079131","https://openalex.org/W2770020404"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376482122","https://openalex.org/W2391269059","https://openalex.org/W1547202339","https://openalex.org/W2070893423","https://openalex.org/W2387402109","https://openalex.org/W2351060036","https://openalex.org/W1977354819","https://openalex.org/W1989876652","https://openalex.org/W334600925","https://openalex.org/W2207431673"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-20T07:46:08.049788","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}