{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2725392987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7488-4_9188","title":"WS-Biometric Devices","display_name":"WS-Biometric Devices","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2725392987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7488-4_9188","mag":"2725392987"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7488-4_9188","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7488-4_9188","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509329","display_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084502851","display_name":"Kevin Mangold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-0744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Mangold","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive Stop 8940, 20899-8940, Gaithersberg, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive Stop 8940, 20899-8940, Gaithersberg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026778284","display_name":"Ross J. Micheals","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross J. Micheals","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive Stop 8940, 20899-8940, Gaithersberg, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive Stop 8940, 20899-8940, Gaithersberg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31662841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8120478987693787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.406688928604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3072165250778198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8120478987693787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.406688928604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3072165250778198}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7488-4_9188","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7488-4_9188","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509329","display_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27733-7_9188-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27733-7_9188-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509329","display_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"mag:2725392987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/reference/bio/2.html#MangoldM15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509329","display_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Biometrics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097565277","https://openalex.org/W2184078534"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W219748023","https://openalex.org/W3004976504","https://openalex.org/W25046361","https://openalex.org/W2286283432","https://openalex.org/W3115145041","https://openalex.org/W2737943811","https://openalex.org/W2760666510","https://openalex.org/W2783021200","https://openalex.org/W2920850198","https://openalex.org/W2530766642","https://openalex.org/W2938113304","https://openalex.org/W96370176","https://openalex.org/W2626190859","https://openalex.org/W2896576581","https://openalex.org/W2256397936","https://openalex.org/W2905920924","https://openalex.org/W2736026289","https://openalex.org/W2887563131","https://openalex.org/W2815297737","https://openalex.org/W2923285687"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}