{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4212765291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5216-3","title":"Botnets","display_name":"Botnets","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4212765291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5216-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-5216-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5216-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228307","display_name":"SpringerBriefs in cybersecurity","issn_l":"2193-973X","issn":["2193-973X","2193-9748"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SpringerBriefs in Cybersecurity","raw_type":"book"},"type":"book","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086563075","display_name":"Heli Tiirmaa-Klaar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE","GB","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heli Tiirmaa-Klaar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA","University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001297457","display_name":"Jan Gassen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["DE","GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Gassen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany","Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012001935","display_name":"Elmar Gerhards\u2010Padilla","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE","GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elmar Gerhards-Padilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA","International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany","Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107832047","display_name":"Peter Martini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE","GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Martini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director Fraunhofer FKIE Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany v","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Expert in Cybersecurity Tallinn Estonia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Association of IT Lawyers, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group Cyber Defense Fraunhofer FKIE Bonn Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086563075"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I63966007","https://openalex.org/I75951250","https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81231003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.6812013387680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42620450258255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13897109031677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.054322749376297}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.6812013387680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42620450258255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13897109031677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.054322749376297}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-5216-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5216-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228307","display_name":"SpringerBriefs in cybersecurity","issn_l":"2193-973X","issn":["2193-973X","2193-9748"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SpringerBriefs in Cybersecurity","raw_type":"book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dial.uclouvain.be:ebook:40675","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078/ebook:40675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401902","display_name":"Digital Access to Libraries (Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Universit\u00e9 de Namur (UNamur) and the Universit\u00e9 Saint-Louis (USL-B))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","host_organization_name":"UCLouvain","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2294483539","https://openalex.org/W2378449000","https://openalex.org/W2901835651","https://openalex.org/W2883616266","https://openalex.org/W186576250","https://openalex.org/W2002178493","https://openalex.org/W2372254325","https://openalex.org/W3005861778","https://openalex.org/W2185627654"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-02-24T00:00:00"}