{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2216153870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3550-0_9","title":"Classification of Refinements in VDM","display_name":"Classification of Refinements in VDM","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2216153870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3550-0_9","mag":"2216153870"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-3550-0_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3550-0_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193518","display_name":"Workshops in computing","issn_l":"1431-1682","issn":["1431-1682"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Workshops in Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035929141","display_name":"Morten Elvang-G\u00f8ransson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Morten Elvang-G\u00f8ransson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035929141"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4342,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80263947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"172","last_page":"180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11301","display_name":"Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11301","display_name":"Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.933899998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6311175227165222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3900635242462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3375086188316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33360815048217773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6311175227165222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3900635242462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3375086188316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33360815048217773}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-3550-0_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3550-0_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193518","display_name":"Workshops in computing","issn_l":"1431-1682","issn":["1431-1682"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Workshops in Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490683640","https://openalex.org/W1492575033","https://openalex.org/W1542358180","https://openalex.org/W1970495662","https://openalex.org/W2027949780","https://openalex.org/W2076212401","https://openalex.org/W3023216518","https://openalex.org/W6629156185","https://openalex.org/W6629333626","https://openalex.org/W6642875934"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
