{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1681118109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0129-1_5","title":"Universal Cellular Automata Based on the Collisions of Soft Spheres","display_name":"Universal Cellular Automata Based on the Collisions of Soft Spheres","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1681118109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0129-1_5","mag":"1681118109"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-0129-1_5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0129-1_5","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Collision-Based Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000109400","display_name":"Norman Margolus","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","display_name":"University of the West of England","ror":"https://ror.org/02nwg5t34","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Norman Margolus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000109400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8005,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85205748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"107","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11751","display_name":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamical-billiards","display_name":"Dynamical billiards","score":0.7770032286643982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spheres","display_name":"SPHERES","score":0.7304078340530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-automaton","display_name":"Cellular automaton","score":0.6916847229003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ball","display_name":"Ball (mathematics)","score":0.606821596622467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5657910704612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-dynamics","display_name":"Symbolic dynamics","score":0.5575458407402039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.5545710325241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastic-collision","display_name":"Elastic collision","score":0.5032996535301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4940634071826935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.43624767661094666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.42965930700302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35561996698379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3498018980026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.31248801946640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.29597318172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26862186193466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.22996050119400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.22443881630897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.17556098103523254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.10816308856010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.051430970430374146}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193605512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2903467","display_name":"Dynamical billiards","level":2,"score":0.7770032286643982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72422203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7392545","display_name":"SPHERES","level":2,"score":0.7304078340530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35527583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189156","display_name":"Cellular automaton","level":2,"score":0.6916847229003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122041747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838611","display_name":"Ball (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.606821596622467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5657910704612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16101541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350838","display_name":"Symbolic dynamics","level":2,"score":0.5575458407402039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.5545710325241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52560446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1044799","display_name":"Elastic collision","level":3,"score":0.5032996535301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4940634071826935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43624767661094666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.42965930700302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35561996698379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3498018980026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.31248801946640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.29597318172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26862186193466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.22996050119400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.22443881630897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.17556098103523254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.10816308856010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.051430970430374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-0129-1_5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0129-1_5","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Collision-Based Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.311.8681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.311.8681","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/0806.0127v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W284492748","https://openalex.org/W641436094","https://openalex.org/W1543067666","https://openalex.org/W1549431774","https://openalex.org/W1554823875","https://openalex.org/W1569069361","https://openalex.org/W1690029337","https://openalex.org/W1965879318","https://openalex.org/W2014786311","https://openalex.org/W2016397907","https://openalex.org/W2078916342","https://openalex.org/W2143202362","https://openalex.org/W2149158279","https://openalex.org/W2156821576","https://openalex.org/W2165865793","https://openalex.org/W2612506596","https://openalex.org/W2912318510","https://openalex.org/W3037933219","https://openalex.org/W3122278850","https://openalex.org/W3123959886","https://openalex.org/W4251236756","https://openalex.org/W6604549702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058697418","https://openalex.org/W1627627718","https://openalex.org/W3044371202","https://openalex.org/W4225685442","https://openalex.org/W4310285670","https://openalex.org/W2273579192","https://openalex.org/W3177627303","https://openalex.org/W4297752256","https://openalex.org/W3215642135","https://openalex.org/W1681118109"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
