{"id":"https://openalex.org/W940739740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-859-1_9","title":"Language, Script, and Font Recognition","display_name":"Language, Script, and Font Recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W940739740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-859-1_9","mag":"940739740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-85729-859-1_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-859-1_9","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Handbook of Document Image Processing and Recognition","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068803496","display_name":"Umapada Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-2618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Umapada Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000766463","display_name":"Niladri Sekhar Dash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-671X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niladri Sekhar Dash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linguistic Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linguistic Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068803496"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2322,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58120742,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"291","last_page":"330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.7915977239608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.749345064163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/font","display_name":"Font","score":0.7469215989112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6260993480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5890532732009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.5312865376472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.527349591255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5177980661392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-identification","display_name":"Language identification","score":0.5134671330451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.5073239207267761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/section","display_name":"Section (typography)","score":0.4710424244403839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-system","display_name":"Writing system","score":0.4323299527168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.4293317198753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.2895105481147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12714162468910217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.0837656557559967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.7915977239608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.749345064163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777737414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4868296","display_name":"Font","level":2,"score":0.7469215989112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6260993480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5890532732009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5312865376472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.527349591255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5177980661392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129792486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050419","display_name":"Language identification","level":3,"score":0.5134671330451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.5073239207267761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107","display_name":"Section (typography)","level":2,"score":0.4710424244403839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78148190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8192","display_name":"Writing system","level":2,"score":0.4323299527168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.4293317198753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.2895105481147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12714162468910217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0837656557559967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-85729-859-1_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-859-1_9","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Handbook of Document Image Processing and Recognition","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46721681","https://openalex.org/W106130531","https://openalex.org/W157108407","https://openalex.org/W185561252","https://openalex.org/W1486345903","https://openalex.org/W1513623929","https://openalex.org/W1514621373","https://openalex.org/W1533946607","https://openalex.org/W1560318390","https://openalex.org/W1564017569","https://openalex.org/W1759396878","https://openalex.org/W1836636455","https://openalex.org/W1966956495","https://openalex.org/W1976388103","https://openalex.org/W1978564910","https://openalex.org/W1978726463","https://openalex.org/W1979012001","https://openalex.org/W1983072039","https://openalex.org/W1985626581","https://openalex.org/W2002102838","https://openalex.org/W2002602501","https://openalex.org/W2002919652","https://openalex.org/W2015432638","https://openalex.org/W2023061617","https://openalex.org/W2030349334","https://openalex.org/W2032335695","https://openalex.org/W2033814354","https://openalex.org/W2034531095","https://openalex.org/W2040713190","https://openalex.org/W2046459463","https://openalex.org/W2048049573","https://openalex.org/W2060222086","https://openalex.org/W2094549658","https://openalex.org/W2095789572","https://openalex.org/W2096120682","https://openalex.org/W2097607613","https://openalex.org/W2100607392","https://openalex.org/W2104707377","https://openalex.org/W2105604080","https://openalex.org/W2110699760","https://openalex.org/W2113723031","https://openalex.org/W2119123874","https://openalex.org/W2120165255","https://openalex.org/W2120588337","https://openalex.org/W2121979056","https://openalex.org/W2122145500","https://openalex.org/W2135364274","https://openalex.org/W2135527774","https://openalex.org/W2136343973","https://openalex.org/W2141012343","https://openalex.org/W2141707484","https://openalex.org/W2143635793","https://openalex.org/W2143842970","https://openalex.org/W2154954774","https://openalex.org/W2156711436","https://openalex.org/W2162422264","https://openalex.org/W2162471372","https://openalex.org/W2164115145","https://openalex.org/W2164215946","https://openalex.org/W2164577041","https://openalex.org/W2165628625","https://openalex.org/W2165637624","https://openalex.org/W2167171729","https://openalex.org/W2170654949","https://openalex.org/W2171295337","https://openalex.org/W2291190524","https://openalex.org/W2325218811","https://openalex.org/W2487825739","https://openalex.org/W2599337667","https://openalex.org/W4321428117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2164215946","https://openalex.org/W2120407907","https://openalex.org/W2016860631","https://openalex.org/W2064646575","https://openalex.org/W4289422041","https://openalex.org/W2253106576","https://openalex.org/W2895456681","https://openalex.org/W4311466705","https://openalex.org/W4388168187","https://openalex.org/W4232859306"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}