{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1572450715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","title":"Contractual Versatility in Software Business","display_name":"Contractual Versatility in Software Business","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1572450715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","mag":"1572450715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-75466-6_31.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IFIP \u2014 The International Federation for Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-75466-6_31.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074960590","display_name":"Juhani Warsta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juhani Warsta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Processing Science, University of Oulu, Finland","[Univ. of Oulu]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Processing Science, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Univ. of Oulu]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084646307","display_name":"Veikko Sepp\u00e4nen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0748-8419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veikko Sepp\u00e4nen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Department of Information Processing Science, P.O.Box 3000, FIN-90014 University of Oulu, Finland","[Univ. of Oulu]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Department of Information Processing Science, P.O.Box 3000, FIN-90014 University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Univ. of Oulu]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12381703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"274","last_page":"281"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11912","display_name":"Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11912","display_name":"Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11762","display_name":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","score":0.9743000268936157,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6533172130584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.5775951743125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5138790607452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-valley","display_name":"Silicon valley","score":0.5104936361312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5036522746086121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rest","display_name":"Rest (music)","score":0.4234151840209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4200458824634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/off-the-shelf","display_name":"Off the shelf","score":0.4189968407154083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4149264097213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.4013041853904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3854830861091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37211230397224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.36173373460769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.3315127491950989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.1636669933795929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1023927628993988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0913432240486145}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6533172130584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.5775951743125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5138790607452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984737752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163820","display_name":"Silicon valley","level":3,"score":0.5104936361312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5036522746086121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77265313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879844","display_name":"Rest (music)","level":2,"score":0.4234151840209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4200458824634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982819384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7078910","display_name":"Off the shelf","level":2,"score":0.4189968407154083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4149264097213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.4013041853904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3854830861091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37211230397224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36173373460769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.3315127491950989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1636669933795929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1023927628993988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0913432240486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-75466-6_31.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IFIP \u2014 The International Federation for Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75466-6_31","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-75466-6_31.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IFIP \u2014 The International Federation for Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1572450715.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1572450715.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W193511888","https://openalex.org/W1522485740","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1925942696","https://openalex.org/W1972799576","https://openalex.org/W1995243296","https://openalex.org/W2016712070","https://openalex.org/W2024670301","https://openalex.org/W2056764164","https://openalex.org/W2126323043","https://openalex.org/W2164404885","https://openalex.org/W2486090727","https://openalex.org/W2566856888","https://openalex.org/W4230308017","https://openalex.org/W6631705094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3004350229","https://openalex.org/W4388147713","https://openalex.org/W4205145096","https://openalex.org/W2977909229","https://openalex.org/W2359059303","https://openalex.org/W3194775706","https://openalex.org/W3110334367","https://openalex.org/W2380702446","https://openalex.org/W2278755321","https://openalex.org/W2794461621"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"empirical":[1,40],"study":[2,25,44],"addresses":[3],"the":[4,24,33,43,60,65,68,89],"problem":[5],"of":[6,23,32,36,42,82],"how":[7],"Commercial-off-the-Shelf":[8],"(COTS),":[9],"tailored,":[10],"and":[11,67,87],"Modified-off-the-Shelf":[12],"(MOTS)":[13],"software":[14,37,50],"contracting":[15,90],"has":[16],"been":[17],"approached,":[18],"in":[19,59,64],"practice.":[20],"The":[21,39,77],"focus":[22],"is":[26],"on":[27],"analyzing":[28,48],"different":[29],"contractual":[30],"characterizations":[31],"three":[34],"models":[35],"business.":[38],"part":[41],"was":[45],"completed":[46],"by":[47],"twelve":[49],"producing":[51],"companies":[52],"\u2014":[53],"eight":[54],"were":[55,70],"Finnish":[56,72],"firms":[57,73],"established":[58],"Silicon":[61],"Valley":[62],"area":[63],"USA":[66],"rest":[69],"local":[71],"with":[74],"international":[75],"operations.":[76],"research":[78],"produced":[79],"a":[80],"number":[81],"practical":[83],"insights":[84],"for":[85],"managing":[86],"developing":[88],"process.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}