{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4302313885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0_246","title":"Global Optimization in Protein Folding","display_name":"Global Optimization in Protein Folding","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4302313885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0_246"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0_246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0_246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509378","display_name":"Encyclopedia of Optimization","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Optimization","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089592476","display_name":"Daniel R. Ripoll","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel R. Ripoll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Biology Service Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Biology Service Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052827727","display_name":"Adam Liwo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6942-2226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Liwo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baker Laboratory of Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baker Laboratory of Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022665888","display_name":"Harold A. Scheraga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6314-5376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harold A. Scheraga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baker Laboratory of Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baker Laboratory of Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089592476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68241644,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1392","last_page":"1411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10602","display_name":"Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11041","display_name":"Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.7270820140838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole","display_name":"Dipole","score":0.652717113494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.553534746170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-field","display_name":"Electric field","score":0.5329312682151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5243697166442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.4824431538581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-dipole-moment","display_name":"Electric dipole moment","score":0.44265368580818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42501455545425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Dynamic Monte Carlo method","score":0.4185435175895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35307395458221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.26548922061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16329947113990784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.7270820140838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173523689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215589","display_name":"Dipole","level":2,"score":0.652717113494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.553534746170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.5329312682151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5243697166442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.4824431538581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202449340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735135","display_name":"Electric dipole moment","level":3,"score":0.44265368580818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42501455545425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122592724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3855635","display_name":"Dynamic Monte Carlo method","level":3,"score":0.4185435175895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35307395458221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26548922061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16329947113990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0_246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0_246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509378","display_name":"Encyclopedia of Optimization","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Optimization","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":94,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102175168","https://openalex.org/W102295232","https://openalex.org/W142594794","https://openalex.org/W631192654","https://openalex.org/W1531230111","https://openalex.org/W1591195759","https://openalex.org/W1968901390","https://openalex.org/W1970984671","https://openalex.org/W1971477120","https://openalex.org/W1972906822","https://openalex.org/W1975205107","https://openalex.org/W1978892050","https://openalex.org/W1979100421","https://openalex.org/W1984839449","https://openalex.org/W1985402094","https://openalex.org/W1989447327","https://openalex.org/W1991100157","https://openalex.org/W1991884106","https://openalex.org/W1993985257","https://openalex.org/W1994036520","https://openalex.org/W1995093273","https://openalex.org/W1997299728","https://openalex.org/W1999347494","https://openalex.org/W2000657560","https://openalex.org/W2001130582","https://openalex.org/W2002797170","https://openalex.org/W2005821283","https://openalex.org/W2010095914","https://openalex.org/W2010870281","https://openalex.org/W2011734083","https://openalex.org/W2013595886","https://openalex.org/W2013785414","https://openalex.org/W2014355769","https://openalex.org/W2015573113","https://openalex.org/W2016832940","https://openalex.org/W2017562024","https://openalex.org/W2021438484","https://openalex.org/W2023041802","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2024759709","https://openalex.org/W2025103508","https://openalex.org/W2028276552","https://openalex.org/W2029342958","https://openalex.org/W2030935884","https://openalex.org/W2032513926","https://openalex.org/W2033570280","https://openalex.org/W2034190349","https://openalex.org/W2036910129","https://openalex.org/W2038041295","https://openalex.org/W2040351161","https://openalex.org/W2044778991","https://openalex.org/W2044786756","https://openalex.org/W2046897053","https://openalex.org/W2047371464","https://openalex.org/W2052270185","https://openalex.org/W2053311327","https://openalex.org/W2053840985","https://openalex.org/W2056760934","https://openalex.org/W2058152641","https://openalex.org/W2062081085","https://openalex.org/W2064731770","https://openalex.org/W2069473046","https://openalex.org/W2069635151","https://openalex.org/W2076368603","https://openalex.org/W2079589162","https://openalex.org/W2082223848","https://openalex.org/W2083420329","https://openalex.org/W2083764996","https://openalex.org/W2083954896","https://openalex.org/W2085592463","https://openalex.org/W2087149342","https://openalex.org/W2089591371","https://openalex.org/W2090551419","https://openalex.org/W2091418430","https://openalex.org/W2092721595","https://openalex.org/W2093441026","https://openalex.org/W2103230617","https://openalex.org/W2106619251","https://openalex.org/W2111481173","https://openalex.org/W2114722917","https://openalex.org/W2118250094","https://openalex.org/W2124106603","https://openalex.org/W2128137789","https://openalex.org/W2138699848","https://openalex.org/W2145549583","https://openalex.org/W2147632732","https://openalex.org/W2151819067","https://openalex.org/W2169443071","https://openalex.org/W2799379915","https://openalex.org/W2914661072","https://openalex.org/W2997715027","https://openalex.org/W3004675605","https://openalex.org/W4239817303","https://openalex.org/W4324293244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2131345148","https://openalex.org/W2475160994","https://openalex.org/W3023186161","https://openalex.org/W2005266888","https://openalex.org/W2804223419","https://openalex.org/W1983769340","https://openalex.org/W1969044645","https://openalex.org/W1971378354","https://openalex.org/W78272879","https://openalex.org/W952677282"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
