{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206466521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09766-4_516","title":"Titanium","display_name":"Titanium","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206466521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09766-4_516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09766-4_516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09766-4_516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60v4m2ph","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057751149","display_name":"Yves Robert","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yves Robert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053840328","display_name":"Sameer Shende","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sameer Shende","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029524538","display_name":"Allen D. Malony","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9598-7201"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allen D. Malony","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014668664","display_name":"Alan Morris","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047959737","display_name":"Wyatt Spear","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wyatt Spear","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105669996","display_name":"Scott Biersdorff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4210-7335"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Biersdorff","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052071297","display_name":"Burton Smith","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burton Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021344058","display_name":"Dali Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9842-2329"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dali Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083897118","display_name":"Daniel Ricciuto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3668-3021"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Ricciuto","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018128020","display_name":"W. Post","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wilfred Post","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075015473","display_name":"Michael W. Berry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9191-9148"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael W. Berry","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079207211","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Irigoin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Irigoin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091741596","display_name":"Katherine Yelick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-701X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine Yelick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103516570","display_name":"Susan L. Graham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan L. Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043945385","display_name":"Paul Hilfinger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Hilfinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076642183","display_name":"Dan Bonachea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0724-9349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Bonachea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111914280","display_name":"Jimmy Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jimmy Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108706329","display_name":"Amir Kamil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8290-6969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Kamil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104047193","display_name":"Kaushik Datta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaushik Datta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029775474","display_name":"Phillip Colella","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip Colella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014756209","display_name":"Tong Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computers Sciences, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075517045","display_name":"Jack Dongarra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-1782"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Dongarra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073990539","display_name":"Piotr \u0141uszczek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0089-6965"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piotr Luszczek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081506338","display_name":"Abhinav Bhatel\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3069-3701"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhinav Bhatele","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028224682","display_name":"Stefan M. Freudenberger","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan M. Freudenberger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054093863","display_name":"Volker Diekert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-3762"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker Diekert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044780614","display_name":"Anca Muscholl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-204X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anca Muscholl","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086347882","display_name":"Maurice Herlihy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3059-8926"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurice Herlihy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015046489","display_name":"J. Eliot B. Moss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6637-3641"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Eliot B. Moss","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":29,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057751149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32939787,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2049","last_page":"2055"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14120","display_name":"Thallium and Germanium Studies","score":0.3449999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14120","display_name":"Thallium and Germanium Studies","score":0.3449999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.45448988676071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.33685386180877686}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.45448988676071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33685386180877686}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09766-4_516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09766-4_516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt60v4m2ph","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60v4m2ph","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60v4m2ph","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt60v4m2ph","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60v4m2ph","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60v4m2ph","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206466521.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206466521.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W110358609","https://openalex.org/W1516368111","https://openalex.org/W1555889790","https://openalex.org/W1800149981","https://openalex.org/W2013969203","https://openalex.org/W2042771246","https://openalex.org/W2045556447","https://openalex.org/W2065413511","https://openalex.org/W2087466192","https://openalex.org/W2148431547","https://openalex.org/W2165575435"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2898370298","https://openalex.org/W4292492973","https://openalex.org/W2744391499","https://openalex.org/W3120461830","https://openalex.org/W4230250635","https://openalex.org/W3041790586","https://openalex.org/W2018879842","https://openalex.org/W3144504424"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-01-26T00:00:00"}
