{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1529603736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63614-5_51","title":"A WordNet based rule generalization engine in meaning extraction system","display_name":"A WordNet based rule generalization engine in meaning extraction system","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1529603736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63614-5_51","mag":"1529603736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-63614-5_51","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63614-5_51","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026638047","display_name":"Joyce Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-2230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joyce Yue Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, UK","Duke University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087979002","display_name":"Alan W. Biermann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan W. Biermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, UK","Duke University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026638047"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8605,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71388159,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"529","last_page":"539"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9484000205993652,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9089999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wordnet","display_name":"WordNet","score":0.8987874984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8687529563903809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.6246976852416992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6061394810676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.5934939980506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5632707476615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5181859135627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.44704392552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4387708902359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4324289560317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.4243490993976593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40471169352531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32258954644203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07394483685493469}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157659113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533822","display_name":"WordNet","level":2,"score":0.8987874984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8687529563903809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.6246976852416992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6061394810676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5934939980506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5632707476615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5181859135627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.44704392552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4387708902359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4324289560317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.4243490993976593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40471169352531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32258954644203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07394483685493469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-63614-5_51","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63614-5_51","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1549572366","https://openalex.org/W1970761617","https://openalex.org/W1971763646","https://openalex.org/W1987681703","https://openalex.org/W2033209333","https://openalex.org/W2068210077","https://openalex.org/W2077929656","https://openalex.org/W2080856991","https://openalex.org/W2138425667","https://openalex.org/W2155524176","https://openalex.org/W2950225692","https://openalex.org/W3037715718","https://openalex.org/W4235109031"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2900382651","https://openalex.org/W1981879262","https://openalex.org/W2363417484","https://openalex.org/W4225863708","https://openalex.org/W1480103567","https://openalex.org/W1599970036","https://openalex.org/W1849827364","https://openalex.org/W2786299737","https://openalex.org/W115324854","https://openalex.org/W4211187494"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
