{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1505909088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63438-x_3","title":"Concepticons vs. lexicons: An architecture for multilingual information extraction","display_name":"Concepticons vs. lexicons: An architecture for multilingual information extraction","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1505909088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63438-x_3","mag":"1505909088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-63438-x_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63438-x_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040587162","display_name":"Robert Gaizauskas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3356-5126"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Gaizauskas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083798123","display_name":"Kevin Humphreys","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Humphreys","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108350938","display_name":"Saliha Azzam","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saliha Azzam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050719415","display_name":"Yorick Wilks","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yorick Wilks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9009064435958862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7134263515472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.6751545667648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6384835839271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6071016788482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.5133258700370789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5117654800415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexical-item","display_name":"Lexical item","score":0.4177968204021454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9009064435958862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7134263515472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.6751545667648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6384835839271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6071016788482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.5133258700370789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5117654800415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126706616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2944660","display_name":"Lexical item","level":2,"score":0.4177968204021454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-63438-x_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63438-x_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1831624929","https://openalex.org/W1964728295","https://openalex.org/W2011623898","https://openalex.org/W2040004971","https://openalex.org/W2059192419","https://openalex.org/W2068882115","https://openalex.org/W2102381086","https://openalex.org/W2115470070","https://openalex.org/W2134279199","https://openalex.org/W2157317150","https://openalex.org/W2341078838","https://openalex.org/W3113972711","https://openalex.org/W4234008654","https://openalex.org/W6641378701","https://openalex.org/W7046191445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389443772","https://openalex.org/W2548721895","https://openalex.org/W2373456246","https://openalex.org/W2013265273","https://openalex.org/W4238809000","https://openalex.org/W2786646446","https://openalex.org/W2312871963","https://openalex.org/W2331739042","https://openalex.org/W2165504147","https://openalex.org/W2986643010"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}