{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1487059419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61291-2_59","title":"Learning classifications from multiple sources of unsupervised data","display_name":"Learning classifications from multiple sources of unsupervised data","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1487059419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61291-2_59","mag":"1487059419"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-61291-2_59","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61291-2_59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027158588","display_name":"Charles X. Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3797-1348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles X. Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The University of Western Ontario, N6A 5B7, London, Ontario, Canada","The University of Western Ontario#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The University of Western Ontario, N6A 5B7, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Western Ontario#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100383628","display_name":"Handong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5989-9338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Handong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The University of Western Ontario, N6A 5B7, London, Ontario, Canada","The University of Western Ontario#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The University of Western Ontario, N6A 5B7, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Western Ontario#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10372699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"284","last_page":"295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8234010934829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.769038200378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7395662665367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6961074471473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6730197668075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6031107902526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6001508235931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5579137206077576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5278018712997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-learning","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","score":0.5157230496406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-learning","display_name":"Competitive learning","score":0.5144948959350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.5007045269012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instance-based-learning","display_name":"Instance-based learning","score":0.4417390823364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.24473971128463745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8234010934829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.769038200378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7395662665367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6961074471473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6730197668075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6031107902526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6001508235931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5579137206077576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5278018712997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58973888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041418","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","level":2,"score":0.5157230496406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120822770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156355","display_name":"Competitive learning","level":3,"score":0.5144948959350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.5007045269012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24138899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141258","display_name":"Instance-based learning","level":3,"score":0.4417390823364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.24473971128463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-61291-2_59","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61291-2_59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W183111903","https://openalex.org/W260083297","https://openalex.org/W583627169","https://openalex.org/W1539524531","https://openalex.org/W2014390641","https://openalex.org/W2030766398","https://openalex.org/W2050206309","https://openalex.org/W2073308541","https://openalex.org/W2113896236","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2133308102","https://openalex.org/W2988864014","https://openalex.org/W4234536190","https://openalex.org/W6606327726","https://openalex.org/W6607472270","https://openalex.org/W6678449394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148060700","https://openalex.org/W2749300598","https://openalex.org/W2794908468","https://openalex.org/W2531570999","https://openalex.org/W3042291365","https://openalex.org/W2096837800","https://openalex.org/W2163389298","https://openalex.org/W2553312496","https://openalex.org/W2098239572","https://openalex.org/W4310801741"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}