{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1527910266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61093-6_8","title":"Embryonics: The birth of synthetic life","display_name":"Embryonics: The birth of synthetic life","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1527910266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61093-6_8","mag":"1527910266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-61093-6_8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61093-6_8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109152811","display_name":"Pierre Marchal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135218257","display_name":"Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nrrsx06","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Marchal","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021062542","display_name":"Pascal Nussbaum","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135218257","display_name":"Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nrrsx06","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Nussbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044663943","display_name":"Christian Piguet","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135218257","display_name":"Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nrrsx06","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Piguet","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005013099","display_name":"S. Durand","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135218257","display_name":"Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nrrsx06","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serge Durand","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchatel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038251731","display_name":"Daniel Mange","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Mange","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","Swiss Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Institute of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023508114","display_name":"Eduardo Garc\u00eda S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-4623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","Swiss Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Institute of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032631157","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Stauffer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Stauffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","Swiss Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Institute of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066464262","display_name":"Gianluca Tempesti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8110-8950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluca Tempesti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","Swiss Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Syst\u00e8mes Logiques, Swiss Institute of Technology, Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Institute of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109152811"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135218257"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97131331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"166","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8319132328033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/von-neumann-architecture","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","score":0.724668025970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6627973318099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.5814971327781677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.5507805347442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5358437895774841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4950072169303894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-life","display_name":"Artificial life","score":0.48519399762153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4668360948562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4437094032764435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26333627104759216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.15237224102020264}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8319132328033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80469333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189088","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","level":2,"score":0.724668025970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6627973318099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.5814971327781677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.5507805347442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5358437895774841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4950072169303894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19273510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263847","display_name":"Artificial life","level":2,"score":0.48519399762153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4668360948562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4437094032764435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26333627104759216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.15237224102020264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-61093-6_8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61093-6_8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:28508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/28508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400488","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114918685","https://openalex.org/W252875137","https://openalex.org/W284492748","https://openalex.org/W579560619","https://openalex.org/W599769916","https://openalex.org/W635046630","https://openalex.org/W1486519940","https://openalex.org/W1491459594","https://openalex.org/W1528724172","https://openalex.org/W1531992391","https://openalex.org/W1565158129","https://openalex.org/W1584661840","https://openalex.org/W1594639112","https://openalex.org/W1597088765","https://openalex.org/W1666015432","https://openalex.org/W1820718557","https://openalex.org/W1988585990","https://openalex.org/W2006097283","https://openalex.org/W2013138671","https://openalex.org/W2040264397","https://openalex.org/W2051986658","https://openalex.org/W2063930092","https://openalex.org/W2089439456","https://openalex.org/W2126466006","https://openalex.org/W2150312211","https://openalex.org/W2164199443","https://openalex.org/W2171582839","https://openalex.org/W2312801052","https://openalex.org/W2331283040","https://openalex.org/W2498248609","https://openalex.org/W2543273406","https://openalex.org/W2612506596","https://openalex.org/W4232143575","https://openalex.org/W4234406933","https://openalex.org/W4236463097","https://openalex.org/W4240490327","https://openalex.org/W4251606455","https://openalex.org/W4292078711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2537246788","https://openalex.org/W4214553788","https://openalex.org/W2091786736","https://openalex.org/W2363328217","https://openalex.org/W2145162363","https://openalex.org/W2918361313","https://openalex.org/W2038503502","https://openalex.org/W4200536635","https://openalex.org/W2611005572","https://openalex.org/W2108204313"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}