{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107851821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136","title":"Viewpoints and objects","display_name":"Viewpoints and objects","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107851821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136","mag":"2107851821"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/21245/1/zum.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060549428","display_name":"John Derrick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-8914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Derrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, UK","University of Kent"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kent","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011062278","display_name":"Howard Bowman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-1869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard Bowman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, UK","University of Kent"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kent","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053719599","display_name":"Maarten Steen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maarten Steen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, UK","University of Kent"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kent","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060549428"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4286,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94981179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"449","last_page":"468"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewpoints","display_name":"Viewpoints","score":0.9737764596939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8322490453720093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unification","display_name":"Unification","score":0.8026566505432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cornerstone","display_name":"Cornerstone","score":0.6068102121353149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.6005029678344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5821008682250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.515166163444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.5010960102081299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-specification","display_name":"Formal specification","score":0.4789043962955475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-oriented-programming","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","score":0.4564895033836365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4281715154647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21367105841636658}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928819","display_name":"Viewpoints","level":2,"score":0.9737764596939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8322490453720093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96146094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609057","display_name":"Unification","level":2,"score":0.8026566505432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780616401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133673","display_name":"Cornerstone","level":2,"score":0.6068102121353149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.6005029678344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5821008682250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.515166163444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.5010960102081299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.4789043962955475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73752529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79872","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","level":2,"score":0.4564895033836365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4281715154647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21367105841636658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:21245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/21245/2/zum.ps","pdf_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/21245/1/zum.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.648.3263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.648.3263","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://kar.kent.ac.uk/21245/1/zum.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:21245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/21245/2/zum.ps","pdf_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/21245/1/zum.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2107851821.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2107851821.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161884743","https://openalex.org/W204424746","https://openalex.org/W1486248245","https://openalex.org/W1489838693","https://openalex.org/W1503022593","https://openalex.org/W1510310884","https://openalex.org/W1522547440","https://openalex.org/W1527638070","https://openalex.org/W1551424885","https://openalex.org/W1570542700","https://openalex.org/W1574019160","https://openalex.org/W1583355384","https://openalex.org/W1584992184","https://openalex.org/W1586929881","https://openalex.org/W1590686765","https://openalex.org/W1593428110","https://openalex.org/W1600350357","https://openalex.org/W1602445668","https://openalex.org/W1607111517","https://openalex.org/W1641988583","https://openalex.org/W1858069870","https://openalex.org/W2007167977","https://openalex.org/W2246398478","https://openalex.org/W2506403762","https://openalex.org/W4251796940","https://openalex.org/W6608331824","https://openalex.org/W6628920918","https://openalex.org/W6630353961","https://openalex.org/W6635028570","https://openalex.org/W6636013944","https://openalex.org/W6807562654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145025660","https://openalex.org/W2171674700","https://openalex.org/W1922520186","https://openalex.org/W1903167137","https://openalex.org/W2049993111","https://openalex.org/W2045204345","https://openalex.org/W2034589735","https://openalex.org/W2020416949","https://openalex.org/W1999356246","https://openalex.org/W1544097700"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
