{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1601120862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-59119-2_168","title":"Learning distributions by their density levels \u2014 A paradigm for learning without a teacher","display_name":"Learning distributions by their density levels \u2014 A paradigm for learning without a teacher","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1601120862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-59119-2_168","mag":"1601120862"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-59119-2_168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-59119-2_168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112193907","display_name":"Shai Ben-David","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shai Ben-David","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Technion, 32000, Haifa, Israel","Technion"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Technion, 32000, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072392744","display_name":"Michael Lindenbaum","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Lindenbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Technion, 32000, Haifa, Israel","Technion"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Technion, 32000, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112193907"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4651,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63144208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learnability","display_name":"Learnability","score":0.9923322796821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-class","display_name":"Concept class","score":0.6940941214561462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6689909100532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-complexity","display_name":"Sample complexity","score":0.6473165154457092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vc-dimension","display_name":"VC dimension","score":0.5963532328605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probably-approximately-correct-learning","display_name":"Probably approximately correct learning","score":0.5777547955513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5471557378768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5300652384757996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.5221110582351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.453841894865036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-learning","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","score":0.43670743703842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4179392457008362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithmic-learning-theory","display_name":"Algorithmic learning theory","score":0.3840574622154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.33377185463905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29859182238578796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777723229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4367921","display_name":"Learnability","level":2,"score":0.9923322796821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203313322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158394","display_name":"Concept class","level":2,"score":0.6940941214561462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6689909100532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778445095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18354077","display_name":"Sample complexity","level":2,"score":0.6473165154457092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119322782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662236","display_name":"VC dimension","level":2,"score":0.5963532328605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176248197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458526","display_name":"Probably approximately correct learning","level":4,"score":0.5777547955513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5471557378768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5300652384757996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5221110582351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.453841894865036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58973888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041418","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","level":2,"score":0.43670743703842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4179392457008362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32254414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4724364","display_name":"Algorithmic learning theory","level":3,"score":0.3840574622154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.33377185463905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29859182238578796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-59119-2_168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-59119-2_168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.219.1337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.219.1337","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~mic/PDF/BenDavidL97.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.29.3121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.29.3121","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~mic/PSdocs/BL97.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1667165204","https://openalex.org/W1848067327","https://openalex.org/W1986130900","https://openalex.org/W1995376165","https://openalex.org/W2023174171","https://openalex.org/W2027121822","https://openalex.org/W2029538739","https://openalex.org/W2061729190","https://openalex.org/W2095374884","https://openalex.org/W2154952480","https://openalex.org/W3017143921","https://openalex.org/W4230237529","https://openalex.org/W4238284510","https://openalex.org/W4291439952","https://openalex.org/W6639162044","https://openalex.org/W6776565550","https://openalex.org/W7024001005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096223017","https://openalex.org/W2005530305","https://openalex.org/W4385261314","https://openalex.org/W1981517317","https://openalex.org/W4233997986","https://openalex.org/W4320855563","https://openalex.org/W2029599246","https://openalex.org/W1601120862","https://openalex.org/W2090559885","https://openalex.org/W2171660797"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}