{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1496078445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58484-6_283","title":"Program search with a hierarchical variable length representation: Genetic Programming, simulated annealing and hill climbing","display_name":"Program search with a hierarchical variable length representation: Genetic Programming, simulated annealing and hill climbing","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1496078445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58484-6_283","mag":"1496078445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-58484-6_283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58484-6_283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000646181","display_name":"Una-May O\u2019Reilly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6923-8445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308548392","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Una-May O'Reilly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Santa Fe Institute, 87505, Santa Fe, NM, USA","Santa Fe Inst"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Santa Fe Institute, 87505, Santa Fe, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Santa Fe Inst","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060909448","display_name":"Franz Oppacher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franz Oppacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","(Carleton University)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Carleton University)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000646181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8414,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89114438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"397","last_page":"406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hill-climbing","display_name":"Hill climbing","score":0.9282234907150269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.7959091663360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7860212922096252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.7032257318496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.5264393091201782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-function","display_name":"Iterated function","score":0.5072972178459167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4915638864040375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4400295615196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.4232226610183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-local-search","display_name":"Iterated local search","score":0.41478633880615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40572118759155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.39872217178344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34504061937332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.30515170097351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-search","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","score":0.3038322627544403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11486229300498962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135450995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q820272","display_name":"Hill climbing","level":2,"score":0.9282234907150269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.7959091663360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7860212922096252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.7032257318496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.5264393091201782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140479938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254619","display_name":"Iterated function","level":2,"score":0.5072972178459167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4915638864040375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4400295615196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4232226610183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124145224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094397","display_name":"Iterated local search","level":3,"score":0.41478633880615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40572118759155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39872217178344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34504061937332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.30515170097351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135320971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868524","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","level":2,"score":0.3038322627544403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11486229300498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-58484-6_283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58484-6_283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86212350","https://openalex.org/W108233702","https://openalex.org/W1482827835","https://openalex.org/W1501400124","https://openalex.org/W1531430512","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1659842140","https://openalex.org/W1970001627","https://openalex.org/W2106924148","https://openalex.org/W2418011578","https://openalex.org/W2981264952","https://openalex.org/W3023540311","https://openalex.org/W4234872648","https://openalex.org/W4245162159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237368524","https://openalex.org/W2114712485","https://openalex.org/W2123829500","https://openalex.org/W90886653","https://openalex.org/W1548986920","https://openalex.org/W4252370918","https://openalex.org/W2045456468","https://openalex.org/W1533229056","https://openalex.org/W2305572622","https://openalex.org/W2885371939"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}