{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159519019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57568-5_255","title":"Relativizing complexity classes with Random Oracles","display_name":"Relativizing complexity classes with Random Oracles","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159519019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57568-5_255","mag":"2159519019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-57568-5_255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57568-5_255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103477007","display_name":"Ronald V. Book","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ronald V. Book","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103477007"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25460557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"250","last_page":"258"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oracle","display_name":"Oracle","score":0.8429577350616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.7294331789016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.7063801288604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pspace","display_name":"PSPACE","score":0.6745280027389526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.5613383054733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.5455729961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.5211132168769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5039562582969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial-hierarchy","display_name":"Polynomial hierarchy","score":0.48517709970474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4846104085445404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-oracle","display_name":"Random oracle","score":0.4804120361804962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40586400032043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.372846782207489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16917777061462402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.04598519206047058}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.8429577350616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.7294331789016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.7063801288604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197685441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500716","display_name":"PSPACE","level":3,"score":0.6745280027389526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.5613383054733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.5455729961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.5211132168769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5039562582969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776013622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2103021","display_name":"Polynomial hierarchy","level":3,"score":0.48517709970474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4846104085445404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94284585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228184","display_name":"Random oracle","level":4,"score":0.4804120361804962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40586400032043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.372846782207489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16917777061462402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.04598519206047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-57568-5_255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57568-5_255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71067744","https://openalex.org/W1549780988","https://openalex.org/W1608681593","https://openalex.org/W1985433872","https://openalex.org/W2062767125","https://openalex.org/W2067580807","https://openalex.org/W2070695637","https://openalex.org/W2071531481","https://openalex.org/W2132750992","https://openalex.org/W2164203102","https://openalex.org/W2176419554","https://openalex.org/W2402054513"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2913217397","https://openalex.org/W4390575969","https://openalex.org/W2099724134","https://openalex.org/W1972719943","https://openalex.org/W1504200807","https://openalex.org/W4288319596","https://openalex.org/W2982557863","https://openalex.org/W2003513300","https://openalex.org/W2082636129","https://openalex.org/W2075449032"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}