{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1529281835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48775-1_12","title":"Towards an Ontology for Substances and Related Actions","display_name":"Towards an Ontology for Substances and Related Actions","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1529281835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48775-1_12","mag":"1529281835"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-48775-1_12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48775-1_12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004002394","display_name":"Bj\u00f6rn H\u00f6fling","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bj\u00f6rn H\u00f6fling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg, Institut f\u00fcr Wissens- und Sprachverarbeitung, P.O.Box 41 20, D-39016, Magdeburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg, Institut f\u00fcr Wissens- und Sprachverarbeitung, P.O.Box 41 20, D-39016, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007354460","display_name":"Thorsten Liebig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2810-7315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thorsten Liebig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abteilung K\u00fcnstliche Intelligenz, Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, D-89069, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abteilung K\u00fcnstliche Intelligenz, Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, D-89069, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111445254","display_name":"Dietmar R\u00f6sner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dietmar R\u00f6sner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg, Institut f\u00fcr Wissens- und Sprachverarbeitung, P.O.Box 41 20, D-39016, Magdeburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg, Institut f\u00fcr Wissens- und Sprachverarbeitung, P.O.Box 41 20, D-39016, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063894826","display_name":"Lars Webel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Webel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg, Institut f\u00fcr Wissens- und Sprachverarbeitung, P.O.Box 41 20, D-39016, Magdeburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg, Institut f\u00fcr Wissens- und Sprachverarbeitung, P.O.Box 41 20, D-39016, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004002394"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3608,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56460781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"191","last_page":"206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8521827459335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.6971492171287537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individuation","display_name":"Individuation","score":0.6614514589309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.6498887538909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inheritance","display_name":"Inheritance (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6367879509925842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6150422096252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.48664984107017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.4463822841644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-ontology","display_name":"Process ontology","score":0.4294489920139313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/description-logic","display_name":"Description logic","score":0.4172438979148865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3720269203186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.369540810585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.327201247215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.2114936113357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptualization","display_name":"Conceptualization","score":0.17847508192062378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8521827459335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.6971492171287537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779148493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q681449","display_name":"Individuation","level":2,"score":0.6614514589309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.6498887538909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780902518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6033780","display_name":"Inheritance (genetic algorithm)","level":3,"score":0.6367879509925842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6150422096252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.48664984107017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4463822841644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137003198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247296","display_name":"Process ontology","level":3,"score":0.4294489920139313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102993220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387196","display_name":"Description logic","level":2,"score":0.4172438979148865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3720269203186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.369540810585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.327201247215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2114936113357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90734943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777","display_name":"Conceptualization","level":2,"score":0.17847508192062378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-48775-1_12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48775-1_12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.37.4650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.37.4650","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.informatik.uni-ulm.de/ki/Liebig/papers/ekaw99-liebig.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3624686","https://openalex.org/W65676554","https://openalex.org/W184147274","https://openalex.org/W193255382","https://openalex.org/W193530434","https://openalex.org/W221670187","https://openalex.org/W1564907284","https://openalex.org/W1569921600","https://openalex.org/W1594973830","https://openalex.org/W1669019556","https://openalex.org/W1764586012","https://openalex.org/W2027687248","https://openalex.org/W2083594369","https://openalex.org/W2133109597","https://openalex.org/W2161825580","https://openalex.org/W2337392266","https://openalex.org/W3021909058","https://openalex.org/W4251441523","https://openalex.org/W6600143508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911529331","https://openalex.org/W4244275182","https://openalex.org/W2749819226","https://openalex.org/W1862275504","https://openalex.org/W2309581826","https://openalex.org/W2104750878","https://openalex.org/W2131179676","https://openalex.org/W2406518597","https://openalex.org/W345135387","https://openalex.org/W169599831"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
