{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1498320487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45470-5_15","title":"Non-commutative Logic for Hand-Written Character Modeling","display_name":"Non-commutative Logic for Hand-Written Character Modeling","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1498320487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45470-5_15","mag":"1498320487"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-45470-5_15","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45470-5_15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015973220","display_name":"Jacqueline Castaing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156583","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/05g1zjw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210091279","https://openalex.org/I4210156583","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacqueline Castaing","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIPN-UMR 7030, Galil\u00e9e University, 93430, Villetaneuse, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIPN-UMR 7030, Galil\u00e9e University, 93430, Villetaneuse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156583"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015973220"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156583"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09995776,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"136","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8366363048553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.5832346677780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4794684648513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.4788232147693634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-system","display_name":"Writing system","score":0.4628538191318512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45307254791259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-encoding","display_name":"Character encoding","score":0.44875842332839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.4422685503959656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.44185763597488403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4221647083759308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3680221438407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3534855246543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.14231231808662415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8366363048553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.5832346677780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4794684648513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.4788232147693634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78148190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8192","display_name":"Writing system","level":2,"score":0.4628538191318512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45307254791259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32717103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184759","display_name":"Character encoding","level":3,"score":0.44875842332839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4422685503959656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.44185763597488403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4221647083759308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3680221438407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3534855246543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.14231231808662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-45470-5_15","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45470-5_15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150857743","https://openalex.org/W1532511465","https://openalex.org/W1973260109","https://openalex.org/W2006648494","https://openalex.org/W2021404082","https://openalex.org/W2082529483","https://openalex.org/W2095436832","https://openalex.org/W2100738443","https://openalex.org/W2105959208","https://openalex.org/W2114953664","https://openalex.org/W2116086180","https://openalex.org/W2125218662","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2155393363","https://openalex.org/W2159428510","https://openalex.org/W2168871682","https://openalex.org/W2169627992","https://openalex.org/W2587017409","https://openalex.org/W2911865844","https://openalex.org/W4236608215","https://openalex.org/W4247777826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064646575","https://openalex.org/W4311466705","https://openalex.org/W4388168187","https://openalex.org/W2555458319","https://openalex.org/W4232859306","https://openalex.org/W4235673437","https://openalex.org/W2127975771","https://openalex.org/W1712080235","https://openalex.org/W3135773499","https://openalex.org/W4255127148"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
