{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1495180973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45404-7_37","title":"Normalization in Support Vector Machines","display_name":"Normalization in Support Vector Machines","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1495180973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45404-7_37","mag":"1495180973"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-45404-7_37","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45404-7_37","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111945773","display_name":"Arnulf Graf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112925","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics","ror":"https://ror.org/026nmvv73","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210112925"]}],"countries":["CH","DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arnulf B.A. Graf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience, DI-LCN, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne EPFL, Switzerland","Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076, T\u00fcbingen, Germany","Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne","Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience, DI-LCN, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne EPFL, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076, T\u00fcbingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112925"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024533830","display_name":"Silvio Borer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvio Borer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience, DI-LCN, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne EPFL, Switzerland","Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Lausanne"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience, DI-LCN, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne EPFL, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111945773"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112925","https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66145833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"277","last_page":"282"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8178711533546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.7919309139251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5144810676574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3996642827987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3458716869354248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8178711533546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.7919309139251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5144810676574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3996642827987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3458716869354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-45404-7_37","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45404-7_37","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W854322902","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2120515362","https://openalex.org/W2132870739","https://openalex.org/W2158388185","https://openalex.org/W2167148127","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4312960235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2591697403","https://openalex.org/W2953716828","https://openalex.org/W2904857019","https://openalex.org/W2944728705","https://openalex.org/W3011538607","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2904022177","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2359348847"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}