{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1491430862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44989-2_109","title":"ASK \u2013 Acquisition of Semantic Knowledge","display_name":"ASK \u2013 Acquisition of Semantic Knowledge","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1491430862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44989-2_109","mag":"1491430862"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-44989-2_109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44989-2_109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112335235","display_name":"Trevor Martin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Trevor P. Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Group, Dept of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK","Dept. of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Group, Dept of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112335235"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09257631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"917","last_page":"924"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8982435464859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6477764844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.625869870185852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5832877159118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.5014805793762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ask-price","display_name":"Ask price","score":0.47824209928512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4660338759422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.4592987596988678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.43086329102516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4194280207157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2376740574836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22239822149276733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.15683305263519287}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8982435464859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6477764844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.625869870185852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5832877159118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.5014805793762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90329073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914232","display_name":"Ask price","level":2,"score":0.47824209928512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4660338759422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.4592987596988678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.43086329102516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4194280207157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2376740574836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22239822149276733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.15683305263519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-44989-2_109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44989-2_109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510121233","https://openalex.org/W1552788325","https://openalex.org/W1660390307","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W1958851217","https://openalex.org/W1992810975","https://openalex.org/W1994414037","https://openalex.org/W2009667075","https://openalex.org/W2046869171","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2087678897","https://openalex.org/W2107658650","https://openalex.org/W2115822498","https://openalex.org/W2168126898","https://openalex.org/W4249108973"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376314740","https://openalex.org/W2374116733","https://openalex.org/W2393185060","https://openalex.org/W2120460904","https://openalex.org/W30706610","https://openalex.org/W1975174578","https://openalex.org/W2347278957","https://openalex.org/W1524308472","https://openalex.org/W2349125667","https://openalex.org/W2394925516"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}