{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1544359861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44522-6_7","title":"A Hybrid System for the Recognition of Hand-Written Characters","display_name":"A Hybrid System for the Recognition of Hand-Written Characters","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1544359861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44522-6_7","mag":"1544359861"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-44522-6_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44522-6_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000617190","display_name":"Rudolf Freund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-1953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rudolf Freund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071002307","display_name":"Markus Neubauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1386-7362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Neubauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008185050","display_name":"Martin Summerer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Summerer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101633258","display_name":"Stefan Gruber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5577-5450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Gruber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007553834","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen Schaffer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00fcrgen Schaffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071799912","display_name":"Roland Swoboda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland Swoboda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Languages, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040, Wien, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000617190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4621,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63638444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"67","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8529218435287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5827707052230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5653889775276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5321024656295776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5076438188552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46938106417655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.41054001450538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.13963088393211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1039133071899414}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8529218435287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5827707052230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5653889775276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5321024656295776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5076438188552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46938106417655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41054001450538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.13963088393211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1039133071899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-44522-6_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44522-6_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153717533","https://openalex.org/W1515624550","https://openalex.org/W1531611888","https://openalex.org/W1533896280","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1971599249","https://openalex.org/W1975360882","https://openalex.org/W2015393375","https://openalex.org/W2052463929","https://openalex.org/W2076246254","https://openalex.org/W2091578457","https://openalex.org/W2167159761","https://openalex.org/W4388297464"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393609567","https://openalex.org/W2369369044","https://openalex.org/W1503216044","https://openalex.org/W2354143083","https://openalex.org/W2372906645","https://openalex.org/W4319998713","https://openalex.org/W2366269494","https://openalex.org/W2353650902","https://openalex.org/W2347884623","https://openalex.org/W2361201432"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
