{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124761490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-08921-7_100","title":"Transformations to produce certain covering grammars","display_name":"Transformations to produce certain covering grammars","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124761490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-08921-7_100","mag":"2124761490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-08921-7_100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-08921-7_100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058284151","display_name":"Esko Ukkonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-1505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Esko Ukkonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, T\u00f6\u00f6l\u00f6nkatu 11, SF-00100, Helsinki 10, Finland","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of Helsinki#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, T\u00f6\u00f6l\u00f6nkatu 11, SF-00100, Helsinki 10, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of Helsinki#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058284151"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4738,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95665635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"516","last_page":"525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-adjoining-grammar","display_name":"Tree-adjoining grammar","score":0.8623273372650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-sensitive-grammar","display_name":"Context-sensitive grammar","score":0.8316256999969482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-attributed-grammar","display_name":"L-attributed grammar","score":0.8265286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indexed-grammar","display_name":"Indexed grammar","score":0.8022698163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-grammar","display_name":"Context-free grammar","score":0.7264479398727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/definite-clause-grammar","display_name":"Definite clause grammar","score":0.6856973171234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.6777858734130859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6484476327896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase-structure-grammar","display_name":"Phrase structure grammar","score":0.6316049098968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-pushdown-automaton","display_name":"Embedded pushdown automaton","score":0.5635421276092529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.5026183128356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4659726619720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.447714239358902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.29742690920829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.18586018681526184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134083981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754022","display_name":"Tree-adjoining grammar","level":4,"score":0.8623273372650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125950753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908674","display_name":"Context-sensitive grammar","level":4,"score":0.8316256999969482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67621940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113340","display_name":"L-attributed grammar","level":4,"score":0.8265286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79243999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6590011","display_name":"Indexed grammar","level":5,"score":0.8022698163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97212296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047","display_name":"Context-free grammar","level":3,"score":0.7264479398727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97169998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582738","display_name":"Definite clause grammar","level":5,"score":0.6856973171234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.6777858734130859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6484476327896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29184939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134367","display_name":"Phrase structure grammar","level":4,"score":0.6316049098968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27034413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5370010","display_name":"Embedded pushdown automaton","level":5,"score":0.5635421276092529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.5026183128356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4659726619720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.447714239358902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.29742690920829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.18586018681526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/3-540-08921-7_100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-08921-7_100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192208924","https://openalex.org/W1512104142","https://openalex.org/W1968127341","https://openalex.org/W1971649374","https://openalex.org/W1971656648","https://openalex.org/W2008754898","https://openalex.org/W2056703833","https://openalex.org/W2100598688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2403874525","https://openalex.org/W2067980891","https://openalex.org/W2072482659","https://openalex.org/W2098975473","https://openalex.org/W24640121","https://openalex.org/W42016052","https://openalex.org/W1609763579","https://openalex.org/W2055334547","https://openalex.org/W1992439855","https://openalex.org/W1557335907"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}