{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2131589410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11961635_3","title":"Password Exhaustion: Predicting the End of Password Usefulness","display_name":"Password Exhaustion: Predicting the End of Password Usefulness","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2131589410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11961635_3","mag":"2131589410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/11961635_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11961635_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049737500","display_name":"Luke St. Clair","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luke St. Clair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023282045","display_name":"Lisa Johansen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Johansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024034310","display_name":"William Enck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3043-8092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Enck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072994449","display_name":"Matthew Pirretti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Pirretti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048941759","display_name":"Patrick Traynor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7143-5189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Traynor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055368149","display_name":"Patrick McDaniel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2091-7484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick McDaniel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055045569","display_name":"Trent Jaeger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-1170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trent Jaeger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049737500"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0941,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81663725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"37","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.9458784461021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8259748220443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.717608630657196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-password","display_name":"Cognitive password","score":0.5623152256011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-policy","display_name":"Password policy","score":0.4978790283203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.49002182483673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s/key","display_name":"S/KEY","score":0.44740086793899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4290419816970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-time-password","display_name":"One-time password","score":0.36584001779556274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.04891115427017212}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.9458784461021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8259748220443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.717608630657196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23875713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141232","display_name":"Cognitive password","level":5,"score":0.5623152256011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98705547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394687","display_name":"Password policy","level":4,"score":0.4978790283203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.49002182483673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4957475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242186","display_name":"S/KEY","level":3,"score":0.44740086793899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4290419816970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89479133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137840","display_name":"One-time password","level":3,"score":0.36584001779556274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.04891115427017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/11961635_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11961635_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.138.8613","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.138.8613","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.patrickmcdaniel.org/pubs/iciss06.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.387.5997","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.387.5997","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ix.cs.uoregon.edu/~butler/pubs/password.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.86.327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.86.327","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://nsrc.cse.psu.edu/tech_report/NAS-TR-0030-2006.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12010980","https://openalex.org/W73121609","https://openalex.org/W1485033854","https://openalex.org/W1505010935","https://openalex.org/W1548067747","https://openalex.org/W1548516269","https://openalex.org/W1549602395","https://openalex.org/W1560225191","https://openalex.org/W1591302859","https://openalex.org/W1595293097","https://openalex.org/W1635413415","https://openalex.org/W1969037332","https://openalex.org/W1983288955","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W2083358597","https://openalex.org/W2086553822","https://openalex.org/W2124926080","https://openalex.org/W2149929743","https://openalex.org/W2916086000","https://openalex.org/W3145042860","https://openalex.org/W4207052600","https://openalex.org/W4299402001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2969720675","https://openalex.org/W1844709308","https://openalex.org/W2359085393","https://openalex.org/W2021087413","https://openalex.org/W2177391373","https://openalex.org/W2019897613","https://openalex.org/W1639969416","https://openalex.org/W2181536702","https://openalex.org/W4288057502","https://openalex.org/W2158072777"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
