{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1551207223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11908029_2","title":"Granular Computing \u2013 The Concept of Generalized Constraint-Based Computation","display_name":"Granular Computing \u2013 The Concept of Generalized Constraint-Based Computation","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1551207223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11908029_2","mag":"1551207223"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/11908029_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11908029_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109036851","display_name":"Lotfi A. Zadeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lotfi A. Zadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1776, U.S.A","Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A","University of California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1776, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109036851"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242","https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6735,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82413376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"12","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granular-computing","display_name":"Granular computing","score":0.8320879936218262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.5631794929504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.559382438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granule","display_name":"Granule (geology)","score":0.42720091342926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.36774492263793945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35973989963531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.32063931226730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2794041335582733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.2069399058818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15382081270217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rough-set","display_name":"Rough set","score":0.07441404461860657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17209119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5596712","display_name":"Granular computing","level":3,"score":0.8320879936218262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5631794929504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.559382438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49760210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5596727","display_name":"Granule (geology)","level":2,"score":0.42720091342926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36774492263793945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35973989963531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.32063931226730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2794041335582733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.2069399058818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15382081270217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111012933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3137210","display_name":"Rough set","level":2,"score":0.07441404461860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/11908029_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11908029_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4289339609","https://openalex.org/W2354062721","https://openalex.org/W2363353126","https://openalex.org/W2065298175","https://openalex.org/W2743892537","https://openalex.org/W2908068254","https://openalex.org/W2557090245","https://openalex.org/W1534842550","https://openalex.org/W2970692837","https://openalex.org/W1192166921"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-15T23:16:33.117629","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}