{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1558582427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11760191_197","title":"FPGA Implementation of a Neural Network for Character Recognition","display_name":"FPGA Implementation of a Neural Network for Character Recognition","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1558582427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11760191_197","mag":"1558582427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/11760191_197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11760191_197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018881921","display_name":"Farrukh Aslam Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-7172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83202590","display_name":"Jeju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hnb4n85","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farrukh A. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089530547","display_name":"Momin Uppal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2122-1315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Momin Uppal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066464184","display_name":"Wang\u2010Cheol Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7411-5316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83202590","display_name":"Jeju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hnb4n85","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang-Cheol Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058414558","display_name":"Minjae Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7847-9687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83202590","display_name":"Jeju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hnb4n85","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Jae Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Cheju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025522430","display_name":"Anwar M. Mirza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7600-6247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5400463","display_name":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01sb6ek09","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anwar M. Mirza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, GIK Institute, Topi, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, GIK Institute, Topi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018881921"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11799667,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1357","last_page":"1365"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9305999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9182999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8693091869354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8060535192489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7283357977867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.54915851354599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5239037275314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.455412894487381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4354562759399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmable-logic-device","display_name":"Programmable logic device","score":0.4154323637485504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.39972424507141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.39267998933792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.34392401576042175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3028649091720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.21004873514175415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8693091869354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8060535192489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7283357977867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.54915851354599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5239037275314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.455412894487381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4354562759399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206274596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063837","display_name":"Programmable logic device","level":2,"score":0.4154323637485504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.39972424507141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.39267998933792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.34392401576042175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3028649091720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.21004873514175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/11760191_197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11760191_197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1608292140","https://openalex.org/W2099477534","https://openalex.org/W2172618995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014165129","https://openalex.org/W1967938402","https://openalex.org/W2386041993","https://openalex.org/W1608572506","https://openalex.org/W2160474882","https://openalex.org/W2545901417","https://openalex.org/W2913952975","https://openalex.org/W2624257274","https://openalex.org/W3033106587","https://openalex.org/W2125609625"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}