{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1538992328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10704567_1","title":"C-\u2014: A Portable Assembly Language that Supports Garbage Collection","display_name":"C-\u2014: A Portable Assembly Language that Supports Garbage Collection","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1538992328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10704567_1","mag":"1538992328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/10704567_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10704567_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111426939","display_name":"Simon Peyton Jones","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Simon Peyton Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Ltd,","Microsoft Research ltd"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Ltd,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research ltd","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068702687","display_name":"Norman F. Ramsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5435-1135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norman Ramsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia,","University of Virginia'"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia'","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022282619","display_name":"Ferm\u00edn Reig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fermin Reig","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow,","University of Glasgow"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111426939"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8708,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9077667593955994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage-collection","display_name":"Garbage collection","score":0.7555397748947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7475389242172241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.707207441329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assembly-language","display_name":"Assembly language","score":0.669910192489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-generation","display_name":"Code generation","score":0.4940226674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.48916032910346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-code","display_name":"Object code","score":0.4706995487213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.4542075991630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-level-programming-language","display_name":"Low-level programming language","score":0.4499257802963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.44685840606689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3085409104824066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage","display_name":"Garbage","score":0.20854702591896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.17122149467468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-paradigm","display_name":"Programming paradigm","score":0.13190588355064392}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9077667593955994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105122174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322202","display_name":"Garbage collection","level":3,"score":0.7555397748947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7475389242172241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.707207441329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50831359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165436","display_name":"Assembly language","level":3,"score":0.669910192489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133162039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061077","display_name":"Code generation","level":3,"score":0.4940226674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.48916032910346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154526789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157965","display_name":"Object code","level":4,"score":0.4706995487213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.4542075991630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124577441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558937","display_name":"Low-level programming language","level":5,"score":0.4499257802963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.44685840606689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3085409104824066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75403996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5521979","display_name":"Garbage","level":2,"score":0.20854702591896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.17122149467468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.13190588355064392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119263510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248501","display_name":"Programming domain","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/10704567_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10704567_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.11.1815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.11.1815","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~fxr/papers/1999_ppdp/peyton_jones_ppdp_1999.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.41.1504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.41.1504","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.research.microsoft.com/~simonpj/papers/ppdp.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.46.9921","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.46.9921","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~nr/pubs/c--gc.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83619145","https://openalex.org/W1481383228","https://openalex.org/W1492861692","https://openalex.org/W1497385637","https://openalex.org/W1504722839","https://openalex.org/W1566005068","https://openalex.org/W1571962375","https://openalex.org/W1588533724","https://openalex.org/W1676506149","https://openalex.org/W1967022475","https://openalex.org/W1973162794","https://openalex.org/W1985527344","https://openalex.org/W2005907808","https://openalex.org/W2017381700","https://openalex.org/W2022949157","https://openalex.org/W2069652163","https://openalex.org/W2085022143","https://openalex.org/W2085821234","https://openalex.org/W2095621310","https://openalex.org/W2097465082","https://openalex.org/W2105949669","https://openalex.org/W2126126443","https://openalex.org/W2135394943","https://openalex.org/W2141157907","https://openalex.org/W2156083135","https://openalex.org/W2158698777","https://openalex.org/W2171691057","https://openalex.org/W2296715995","https://openalex.org/W2476473376","https://openalex.org/W2488050585","https://openalex.org/W3013521464","https://openalex.org/W3151246531","https://openalex.org/W4238321249","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6833971550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493727516","https://openalex.org/W1482854495","https://openalex.org/W2168850728","https://openalex.org/W246054040","https://openalex.org/W2913688203","https://openalex.org/W2498457261","https://openalex.org/W2266172661","https://openalex.org/W2252975523","https://openalex.org/W2006766651","https://openalex.org/W2245537700"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}