{"id":"https://openalex.org/W33634138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","title":"Modint: A Compact Modular Arithmetic Java Class Library for Cellular Phones, and its Application to Secure Electronic Voting","display_name":"Modint: A Compact Modular Arithmetic Java Class Library for Cellular Phones, and its Application to Secure Electronic Voting","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W33634138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","mag":"33634138"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F1-4020-8143-X_12.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Protection in Information Processing Systems","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F1-4020-8143-X_12.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069369158","display_name":"Hiroaki Kikuchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-8430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroaki Kikuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Information Media Technology, Tokai University, Japan","Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Media Technology, Tokai University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017300671","display_name":"Junji Nakazato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junji Nakazato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Information Media Technology, Tokai University, Japan","Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Media Technology, Tokai University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"177","last_page":"192"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7209488153457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-voting","display_name":"Electronic voting","score":0.7104923725128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballot","display_name":"Ballot","score":0.6998677253723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.5824346542358398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5771462917327881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5730860829353333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5499854683876038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.5343242287635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5152866840362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-arithmetic","display_name":"Modular arithmetic","score":0.5141897201538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5010049343109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaintext","display_name":"Plaintext","score":0.4991180896759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.429882287979126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.3437710404396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3274458646774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2867039442062378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7209488153457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780612046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926161","display_name":"Electronic voting","level":4,"score":0.7104923725128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777094542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905151","display_name":"Ballot","level":4,"score":0.6998677253723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.5824346542358398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5771462917327881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5730860829353333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5499854683876038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.5343242287635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5152866840362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32049820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319400","display_name":"Modular arithmetic","level":3,"score":0.5141897201538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5010049343109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92717368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162538","display_name":"Plaintext","level":3,"score":0.4991180896759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.429882287979126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.3437710404396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3274458646774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2867039442062378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F1-4020-8143-X_12.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Protection in Information Processing Systems","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8143-x_12","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F1-4020-8143-X_12.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security and Protection in Information Processing Systems","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W33634138.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W33634138.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492124753","https://openalex.org/W1540761190","https://openalex.org/W1566461722","https://openalex.org/W1878594160","https://openalex.org/W2102632861","https://openalex.org/W2138784757","https://openalex.org/W2612647446","https://openalex.org/W3148743876","https://openalex.org/W4250314891","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6639357053"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160708112","https://openalex.org/W4285182480","https://openalex.org/W3044910261","https://openalex.org/W2609184814","https://openalex.org/W2065670687","https://openalex.org/W2019613772","https://openalex.org/W2363140998","https://openalex.org/W3185631915","https://openalex.org/W2111822953","https://openalex.org/W1969494152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modlnt":[0,47],"is":[1,25,94,106,129],"a":[2,31,40,61,80],"compact":[3],"Java":[4],"class":[5],"designed":[6],"for":[7],"the":[8,46,57,76,99,102,109,120,125,133],"arbitrary-precision":[9],"modular":[10],"arithmetic":[11],"operations":[12],"used":[13],"in":[14,49],"secure":[15],"cryptographical":[16],"applications,":[17],"including":[18],"auctions":[19],"and":[20,64,78,108],"electronic":[21,42],"voting.":[22],"The":[23,90],"library":[24],"small":[26],"enough":[27],"to":[28,30,67],"port":[29],"Java-enabled":[32],"cellular":[33],"phone.":[34],"In":[35],"this":[36],"paper,":[37],"we":[38],"present":[39],"new":[41],"voting":[43],"system":[44,105],"using":[45],"library,":[48],"which":[50,71,128],"voters":[51,93],"have":[52],"their":[53,113],"ballots":[54],"encrypted":[55],"with":[56],"public":[58],"key":[59,115],"of":[60,86,92,101,122,124,135],"trusted":[62,110],"agent":[63],"cast":[65],"them":[66,73],"an":[68],"untrusted":[69],"server,":[70,127],"tallies":[72],"without":[74],"decrypting":[75],"ballot":[77],"updates":[79],"linear-feedback":[81],"shift":[82],"register":[83],"(LFSR)":[84],"consisting":[85],"log":[87],"n":[88],"ciphertexts.":[89],"privacy":[91],"therefore":[95],"assured":[96],"assuming":[97],"that":[98],"security":[100],"public-key":[103],"crypto":[104],"maintained,":[107],"party":[111],"keeps":[112],"private":[114],"secure.":[116],"This":[117],"feature":[118],"reduces":[119],"costs":[121],"management":[123],"counting":[126],"now":[130],"free":[131],"from":[132],"risks":[134],"being":[136],"compromised.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
