{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2178317701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23178-1_57","title":"Calculate BER Improvement due to Nonlinear Regenerators","display_name":"Calculate BER Improvement due to Nonlinear Regenerators","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2178317701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23178-1_57","mag":"2178317701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/0-387-23178-1_57","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23178-1_57","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175514","display_name":"IFIP International Federation for Information Processing/IFIP","issn_l":"1571-5736","issn":["1571-5736","1861-2288"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IFIP International Federation for Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112560407","display_name":"F.G. Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F.G. Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069121035","display_name":"Zhenguo L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2162-7502"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. G. Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103662646","display_name":"Gao Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Z. Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111823081","display_name":"Chander P. Grover","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. P. Grover","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonic Systems Group, Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council, M-50 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R6","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12753707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"445","last_page":"448"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.7201297879219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extinction-ratio","display_name":"Extinction ratio","score":0.6222094297409058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5987189412117004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extinction","display_name":"Extinction (optical mineralogy)","score":0.4482000768184662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.44780102372169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4146106541156769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4115946590900421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3707314133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3324388861656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32074445486068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.23711329698562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2256598174571991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21771088242530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.06216096878051758}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.7201297879219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96137627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385099","display_name":"Extinction ratio","level":3,"score":0.6222094297409058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5987189412117004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101991246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422078","display_name":"Extinction (optical mineralogy)","level":2,"score":0.4482000768184662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.44780102372169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4146106541156769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4115946590900421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3707314133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3324388861656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32074445486068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23711329698562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2256598174571991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21771088242530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.06216096878051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/0-387-23178-1_57","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23178-1_57","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175514","display_name":"IFIP International Federation for Information Processing/IFIP","issn_l":"1571-5736","issn":["1571-5736","1861-2288"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IFIP International Federation for Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.ca:cistinparc:23000122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=ca675ea7-7388-4341-a302-56f5c3b3c8e2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055245","display_name":"NPARC","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111913699","https://openalex.org/W2115678834","https://openalex.org/W2127223122","https://openalex.org/W2133163542","https://openalex.org/W2169654780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2354248671","https://openalex.org/W2359134391","https://openalex.org/W2594116857","https://openalex.org/W2947628004","https://openalex.org/W2935229758","https://openalex.org/W2352791832","https://openalex.org/W2117255793"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}