{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125474927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spy2.70194","title":"Image Privacy Protection Model Based on Differential Privacy and Improved <scp>CIAGAN</scp> Algorithm","display_name":"Image Privacy Protection Model Based on Differential Privacy and Improved <scp>CIAGAN</scp> Algorithm","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125474927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spy2.70194"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/spy2.70194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spy2.70194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233143","display_name":"Security and Privacy","issn_l":"2475-6725","issn":["2475-6725"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SECURITY AND PRIVACY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xue Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5467-8982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1305126327","display_name":"Zibo Vocational Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04mzr3655","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305126327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xue Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animation and Art Zibo Polytechnic University  Zibo China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5467-8982","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animation and Art Zibo Polytechnic University  Zibo China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305126327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305126327"],"apc_list":{"value":3140,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3140},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14904552,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14254","display_name":"Digital Media and Visual Art","score":0.07999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14254","display_name":"Digital Media and Visual Art","score":0.07999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.0794999971985817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.07670000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-protection","display_name":"Privacy protection","score":0.7009000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.636900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-privacy","display_name":"Differential privacy","score":0.6068000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5471000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-act-1998","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","score":0.48750001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4059000015258789}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.73089998960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017597292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052250","display_name":"Privacy protection","level":2,"score":0.7009000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.636900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23130292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275358","display_name":"Differential privacy","level":2,"score":0.6068000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5471000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.48750001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509729295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246032","display_name":"Privacy software","level":3,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137822555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587068","display_name":"Information sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168297262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031182","display_name":"Information protection policy","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169093310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3702971","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40305131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2616305","display_name":"Obfuscation","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10511746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899388","display_name":"Data security","level":3,"score":0.2567000091075897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/spy2.70194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spy2.70194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233143","display_name":"Security and Privacy","issn_l":"2475-6725","issn":["2475-6725"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SECURITY AND PRIVACY","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.757642924785614}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555820810","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W2031533839","https://openalex.org/W2772412867","https://openalex.org/W3006964703","https://openalex.org/W3080820465","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3156502157","https://openalex.org/W3176880348","https://openalex.org/W3178555678","https://openalex.org/W3179610792","https://openalex.org/W3197508133","https://openalex.org/W3216519441","https://openalex.org/W4206532590","https://openalex.org/W4210860881","https://openalex.org/W4221056237","https://openalex.org/W4225014117","https://openalex.org/W4311322237","https://openalex.org/W4312869662","https://openalex.org/W4372055232","https://openalex.org/W4387258915","https://openalex.org/W4387917756","https://openalex.org/W4390284400","https://openalex.org/W4391661582","https://openalex.org/W4392543918"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"With":[1],"the":[2,5,10,87,92,99,113,126,131,134,138,149,152,159],"popularity":[3],"of":[4,13,98,170],"Internet":[6],"and":[7,40,45,65,95,103,115,123,137,145,174,178],"intelligent":[8],"devices,":[9],"privacy":[11,28,55,108,162,171],"protection":[12,29,56,109,117,163,172],"image":[14,38,54,78,136,140,175],"data":[15,39,43],"has":[16,179],"become":[17],"an":[18,49],"important":[19],"problem":[20],"that":[21,58,85,158],"needs":[22],"to":[23,72],"be":[24],"solved":[25],"urgently.":[26],"Traditional":[27],"methods":[30,167],"such":[31],"as":[32],"anonymization":[33],"have":[34],"limitations":[35],"in":[36,77,112,168],"processing":[37],"cannot":[41],"balance":[42],"availability":[44],"privacy.":[46],"Given":[47],"this,":[48],"improved":[50],"generative":[51],"adversarial":[52],"network":[53],"model":[57,100,164],"combines":[59],"facial":[60],"feature":[61],"enhancement,":[62],"differential":[63],"privacy,":[64],"gradient":[66],"noise":[67],"addition":[68],"is":[69],"constructed,":[70],"aiming":[71],"effectively":[73],"protect":[74],"sensitive":[75],"information":[76],"data.":[79],"The":[80,107,155],"performance":[81],"test":[82],"results":[83],"showed":[84],"when":[86],"dataset":[88],"size":[89],"was":[90,141],"1400,":[91],"average":[93],"encryption":[94],"decryption":[96],"time":[97],"were":[101,121,148],"1.68":[102],"1.52":[104],"s,":[105],"respectively.":[106],"success":[110,118],"rates":[111],"Top\u20101":[114],"Top\u201010":[116],"rate":[119],"tests":[120],"95.13%":[122],"92.07%.":[124],"In":[125],"four":[127],"portrait":[128,161],"restoration":[129],"tests,":[130],"similarity":[132],"between":[133],"restored":[135],"original":[139],"88.67%,":[142],"96.34%,":[143],"98.76%,":[144],"92.47%,":[146],"which":[147],"best":[150],"among":[151],"comparison":[153],"models.":[154],"experiment":[156],"shows":[157],"proposed":[160],"outperforms":[165],"existing":[166],"terms":[169],"strength":[173],"generation":[176],"quality,":[177],"good":[180],"comprehensive":[181],"performance.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-25T23:04:38.658462","created_date":"2026-01-24T00:00:00"}