{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4255847227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse328","title":"Program Interpreters","display_name":"Program Interpreters","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4255847227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470050118.ecse328","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306534807","display_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","raw_type":"other"},"type":"other","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039136415","display_name":"Manuel Alfonseca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4144-2684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Alfonseca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Auto\u0301noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Auto\u0301noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039136415"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2252","last_page":"2262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpreter","display_name":"Interpreter","score":0.926478385925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.910565972328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-portability","display_name":"Software portability","score":0.8823200464248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8014705181121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.7488847970962524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.6715264916419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.33197999000549316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122783720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183065","display_name":"Interpreter","level":2,"score":0.926478385925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.910565972328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63000827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3080428","display_name":"Software portability","level":2,"score":0.8823200464248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8014705181121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.7488847970962524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6715264916419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.33197999000549316}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470050118.ecse328","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306534807","display_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W149077536","https://openalex.org/W611328313","https://openalex.org/W1551518726","https://openalex.org/W1815090327","https://openalex.org/W1982205631","https://openalex.org/W2002871272","https://openalex.org/W2045255985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2353965302","https://openalex.org/W1498982577","https://openalex.org/W3204620269","https://openalex.org/W239890569","https://openalex.org/W2023513252","https://openalex.org/W3201931334","https://openalex.org/W2017260672","https://openalex.org/W2083507857","https://openalex.org/W2085517275","https://openalex.org/W2026774725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"article":[2],"summarizes":[3],"the":[4,28,74],"characteristics,":[5],"structure,":[6],"advantages,":[7],"disadvantages,":[8],"and":[9,51],"applications":[10],"of":[11,39,71,76],"program":[12],"interpreters.":[13],"Interpreters":[14],"may":[15],"be":[16,44],"used,":[17],"in":[18],"preference":[19],"to":[20,30],"compilers,":[21,64],"for":[22,27,36,63],"portability":[23],"or":[24,35],"security":[25],"reasons,":[26],"ability":[29],"use":[31,57,75],"powerful":[32],"dynamic":[33],"constructs,":[34],"fast":[37],"building":[38],"easy\u2010to\u2010debug":[40],"prototypes.":[41],"It":[42],"must":[43],"taken":[45],"into":[46],"account,":[47],"however,":[48],"that":[49],"interpreters":[50,56,72],"compilers":[52,67],"have":[53],"converged:":[54],"Current":[55],"many":[58],"optimization":[59],"techniques":[60],"originally":[61],"developed":[62],"whereas":[65],"some":[66],"reach":[68],"typical":[69],"advantages":[70],"through":[73],"sophisticated":[77],"techniques.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}